Pediatric Ophthalmology Flashcards
7 cards from real Vision and Ophthalmology practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Pediatric Ophthalmology flashcards as text
What is amblyopia?
Answer: Reduced visual acuity in one or both eyes not correctable by glasses alone
Amblyopia (lazy eye) is reduced best-corrected visual acuity caused by abnormal visual development, not explained by structural ocular disease.
What is the most common cause of amblyopia in children?
Answer: Strabismus
Strabismic amblyopia is the most common form, occurring when the brain suppresses the image from a misaligned eye to avoid diplopia.
At what age is the visual system most plastic and amblyopia treatment most effective?
Answer: Under 7–8 years
The critical period for visual development closes around age 7–8; treatment is most effective before this window closes.
Which type of strabismus involves an eye turning inward toward the nose?
Answer: Esotropia
Esotropia is defined as convergent strabismus—the eye deviates inward (toward the nose).
The Hirschberg test assesses what in pediatric eye exams?
Answer: Corneal light reflex symmetry to detect strabismus
The Hirschberg (corneal light reflex) test shines a light at the eyes and checks whether the reflected reflex is centered and symmetric, screening for strabismus.
Retinoblastoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in which population?
Answer: Children under 5 years
Retinoblastoma predominantly occurs in young children, typically presenting before age 5, and is the most common primary intraocular tumor in childhood.
What is the cover-uncover test primarily used to detect?
Answer: Manifest (tropic) strabismus
The cover-uncover test detects manifest strabismus: if the uncovered eye moves to take up fixation when the fellow eye is covered, a tropia is present.