Vision and Ophthalmology Pharmacology and Medications 2

Question 1

Bevacizumab (Avastin) used off-label in ophthalmology is an example of which drug class?

Accepted Answer

Anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody

Answer

Corticosteroid

Answer

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor

Answer

Prostaglandin analog

Question 2

Steroid-induced glaucoma is most commonly associated with which route of administration?

Accepted Answer

Topical ophthalmic steroids (especially potent ones like prednisolone)

Answer

Oral steroids only

Answer

Inhaled steroids only

Answer

IV steroids only

Question 3

Brimonidine (Alphagan) reduces IOP by which dual mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Stimulates alpha-2 receptors to reduce aqueous production and increase uveoscleral outflow

Answer

Blocks beta receptors and blocks alpha-1 receptors

Answer

Inhibits carbonic anhydrase and prostaglandin synthesis

Answer

Blocks muscarinic receptors and beta receptors

Question 4

Which antiviral medication is first-line treatment for herpes simplex virus keratitis?

Accepted Answer

Acyclovir or ganciclovir (topical/oral)

Answer

Ciprofloxacin

Answer

Voriconazole

Answer

Tobramycin

Question 5

Natamycin eye drops are the treatment of choice for which type of keratitis?

Accepted Answer

Fungal keratitis (especially filamentous fungi like Fusarium)

Answer

Bacterial keratitis

Answer

Viral keratitis

Answer

Acanthamoeba keratitis

Question 6

Which class of medication is used to treat posterior uveitis by suppressing intraocular inflammation?

Accepted Answer

Corticosteroids (topical, periocular, or systemic)

Answer

Antiglaucoma agents

Answer

Antivirals

Answer

Mast cell stabilizers