Virginia Learning Theories & Psychology 3

Question 1

Howard Gardner's theory of Multiple Intelligences challenges traditional IQ testing by suggesting that:

Accepted Answer

Humans possess several distinct types of intelligence beyond verbal and logical

Answer

Gardner proposed at least eight distinct intelligences (e.g., musical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic), arguing that traditional IQ tests measure only a narrow range.

Question 2

A student watches a classmate receive praise for helping others and begins helping others herself without being directly rewarded. This illustrates:

Accepted Answer

Vicarious reinforcement in social learning theory

Answer

Vicarious reinforcement, central to Bandura's social learning theory, occurs when observing another person being rewarded increases the likelihood of imitating that behavior.

Question 3

According to information processing theory, which memory store has the MOST limited capacity and duration?

Accepted Answer

Working memory

Answer

Working memory (sometimes called short-term memory) holds only about 7±2 chunks of information for roughly 20 seconds without rehearsal.

Question 4

A teacher breaks a complex skill into small sequential steps, masters each before moving on. This approach is grounded in:

Accepted Answer

Behavioral task analysis and chaining

Answer

Task analysis and behavioral chaining, rooted in behaviorism, involve decomposing skills into discrete steps taught in sequence.

Question 5

In Kohlberg's theory of moral development, a student who follows rules only to avoid punishment is operating at which level?

Accepted Answer

Pre-conventional

Answer

Pre-conventional morality (Stage 1) is driven by avoiding punishment rather than internalizing ethical principles.

(Virginia) Virginia Teaching Certification Practice Test

(Virginia) Virginia Teaching Certification Practice Test

Virginia Learning Theories & Psychology 3