VABC Ultrasound Guidance 3

Question 1

Which ultrasound finding confirms that a catheter tip is positioned in the superior vena cava rather than the right atrium?

Accepted Answer

Catheter tip visualized above the cavoatrial junction with confirmatory chest X-ray or intracavitary ECG

Answer

Optimal catheter tip position in the SVC is confirmed by locating it above the cavoatrial junction, typically verified with chest X-ray or intracavitary ECG changes.

Question 2

What is the recommended frequency range for linear transducers used in peripheral vascular access ultrasound guidance?

Accepted Answer

7–15 MHz

Answer

Linear transducers in the 7–15 MHz range provide optimal resolution for superficial vascular structures during peripheral vascular access.

Question 3

During ultrasound-guided femoral vein cannulation, the femoral artery is typically located in relation to the femoral vein as:

Accepted Answer

Lateral

Answer

In the femoral triangle, the femoral artery lies lateral to the femoral vein (mnemonic: NAVEL — Nerve, Artery, Vein, Empty space, Lymphatics, lateral to medial).

Question 4

When performing ultrasound-guided subclavian/axillary vein access, which view reduces the risk of pneumothorax compared to the traditional landmark approach?

Accepted Answer

Infraclavicular long-axis view targeting the axillary vein

Answer

The infraclavicular long-axis approach targeting the axillary vein allows real-time needle visualization and keeps the needle path away from the pleura, reducing pneumothorax risk.

Question 5

What does a 'double lumen' sign on ultrasound indicate during central line placement?

Accepted Answer

The guidewire has passed into a second vessel

Answer

The 'double lumen' sign occurs when the guidewire is visualized in a vessel adjacent to the intended target, indicating extraluminal or wrong-vessel wire placement.

(VABC) Vascular Access Board Certification Practice Test

(VABC) Vascular Access Board Certification Practice Test

VABC Ultrasound Guidance 3