VABC Pharmacology & Infusion Therapy 2

Question 1

Which anticoagulant is most commonly used for locking central venous catheters to maintain patency between infusions?

Accepted Answer

Heparin

Answer

Heparin is the most widely used catheter lock solution due to its anticoagulant properties that prevent thrombus formation in the catheter lumen.

Question 2

A patient's IV site exhibits erythema, warmth, induration, and a palpable cord along the vein path. These findings are most consistent with:

Accepted Answer

Phlebitis

Answer

Phlebitis presents with erythema, warmth, pain, and a palpable venous cord caused by inflammation of the vein wall.

Question 3

Which medication preparation would be CONTRAINDICATED for peripheral IV administration due to its osmolarity?

Accepted Answer

Potassium Chloride 40 mEq in 100 mL (~800 mOsm/L)

Answer

KCl 40 mEq in 100 mL creates an osmolarity of approximately 800 mOsm/L, exceeding the peripheral threshold and carrying significant risk of phlebitis and cardiac arrhythmia if administered too rapidly.

Question 4

The 'SASH' flushing protocol for central venous catheters stands for which sequence?

Accepted Answer

Saline, Administer medication, Saline, Heparin

Answer

SASH = Saline flush, Administer the medication, Saline flush, Heparin lock — a standardized protocol ensuring medication delivery and catheter patency.

Question 5

What is the maximum recommended infusion rate for potassium chloride (KCl) administered via a peripheral IV route?

Accepted Answer

10 mEq/hour

Answer

The standard maximum peripheral KCl infusion rate is 10 mEq/hour to prevent phlebitis, pain, and cardiac arrhythmias; higher rates require central venous access.

(VABC) Vascular Access Board Certification Practice Test

(VABC) Vascular Access Board Certification Practice Test

VABC Pharmacology & Infusion Therapy 2