VA-BC Infection Prevention & Complication Management 2

Question 1

A patient with a PICC line develops erythema, warmth, and induration at the insertion site without fever. What is the MOST appropriate initial action?

Accepted Answer

Obtain blood cultures and assess for systemic infection

Answer

Local site signs may indicate early CLABSI; blood cultures from the line and a peripheral site are needed to guide management before removal.

Question 2

Which microorganism is MOST commonly responsible for catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) in patients with central venous access devices?

Accepted Answer

Coagulase-negative Staphylococci

Answer

Coagulase-negative Staphylococci, particularly S. epidermidis, are the most frequent cause of CRBSIs due to biofilm formation on catheter surfaces.

Question 3

What is the recommended dwell time for chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) solution before accessing a needleless connector?

Accepted Answer

15 seconds

Answer

INS standards recommend scrubbing needleless connectors with CHG/alcohol for 5–15 seconds and allowing to dry for at least 15 seconds to ensure adequate disinfection.

Question 4

A patient's central line dressing becomes visibly soiled 2 days after placement. When should the dressing be changed?

Accepted Answer

Immediately

Answer

Soiled, wet, or loosened dressings must be changed immediately to prevent bacterial migration along the catheter tract.

Question 5

Which of the following is a risk factor SPECIFIC to tunneled catheters for developing exit-site infections?

Accepted Answer

Disruption of the fibrous cuff integrity

Answer

The fibrous cuff of a tunneled catheter acts as a barrier to microbial migration; cuff disruption eliminates this protection and significantly increases exit-site infection risk.

(VA-BC) Vascular Access Nurse Certification Practice Test

(VA-BC) Vascular Access Nurse Certification Practice Test

VA-BC Infection Prevention & Complication Management 2