DTM Test Kimyo — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Qaysi modda amfoter xossaga ega?
- Al(OH)3 (Correct answer)
- NaOH
- HCl
- Ca(OH)2
Correct answer: Al(OH)3
Al(OH)3 kislotalar va kuchli asoslar bilan reaksiyaga kiradi.
Question 2: Azot atomi tashqi elektron qavatida nechta elektron?
- 5 (Correct answer)
- 3
- 7
- 2
Correct answer: 5
Tashqi qavatda 2s²2p³ = 5 ta elektron.
Question 3: Qaysi tuz gidrolizlanmaydi?
- K2SO4 (Correct answer)
- Na2CO3
- NH4Cl
- FeCl3
Correct answer: K2SO4
K2SO4 — KOH (kuchli) + H2SO4 (kuchli) tuzi, gidrolizlanmaydi.
Question 4: Mn oksidlanish darajasi +7 dan +2 ga o'zgarganda, nechta elektron qabul qiladi?
- 5 (Correct answer)
- 7
- 2
- 3
Correct answer: 5
5 ta elektron qabul qiladi — qaytarilish.
Question 5: Qaysi birikmada temir +3 oksidlanish darajasida?
- Fe2O3 (Correct answer)
- FeO
- FeSO4
- FeS
Correct answer: Fe2O3
Fe2O3 da temir +3 darajada.
Question 6: 20°C da qaysi modda eng ko'p eriydi?
- NaNO3 (Correct answer)
- BaSO4
- AgCl
- PbSO4
Correct answer: NaNO3
NaNO3 ≈ 88 g/100 ml; BaSO4, AgCl, PbSO4 amalda erimaydi.
Question 7: NaOH eritmasi qanday muhit hosil qiladi?
- Ishqoriy (Correct answer)
- Kislotali
- Neytral
- Buferli
Correct answer: Ishqoriy
NaOH → Na⁺ + OH⁻; pH > 7.
Question 8: Yadro zaryadi 20 bo'lgan element?
- Ca (Correct answer)
- Ti
- K
- Sc
Correct answer: Ca
Ca — Kaltsiy, tartib raqami 20.
Question 9: SO3 suvda nima hosil qiladi?
- H2SO4 (Correct answer)
- H2SO3
- SO2
- H2S
Correct answer: H2SO4
SO3 + H2O → H2SO4.
Question 10: Qaysi metall xona haroratida suyuq holatda?
- Hg (Correct answer)
- Na
- Al
- Fe
Correct answer: Hg
Simob (Hg) suyuqlanish harorati -38,83°C.
Question 11: Metan (CH4) to'liq yonganda nima hosil bo'ladi?
- CO2 va H2O (Correct answer)
- CO va H2O
- C va H2O
- CO2 va H2
Correct answer: CO2 va H2O
CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O
Question 12: Etilen (C2H4) qaysi turdagi uglevodorod?
- Alken (Correct answer)
- Alkan
- Alkin
- Aren
Correct answer: Alken
C2H4 — etilen, alkenlar (CnH2n) sinfiga mansub.
Question 13: Etanol sanoat usulida qanday olinadi?
- Etilenning gidratlanishi (Correct answer)
- Metanning oksidlanishi
- Asetilenning gidrogenlanishi
- Propanning pirolizi
Correct answer: Etilenning gidratlanishi
Etilenning gidratlanishi: H3PO4 katalizator, 300°C.
Question 14: Benzol (C6H6) da nechta sigma bog'?
- 12 (Correct answer)
- 6
- 9
- 3
Correct answer: 12
6 ta C-H + 6 ta C-C sigma bog' = 12 ta.
Question 15: Qaysi birikma aldegid sinfiga kiradi?
- CH3CHO (Correct answer)
- CH3OH
- CH3COOH
- CH3OCH3
Correct answer: CH3CHO
CH3CHO — atsaldegid, aldegidlar sinfiga mansub.
Question 16: Glukoza (C6H12O6) to'liq yonganda necha mol CO2 hosil bo'ladi?
- 6 (Correct answer)
- 12
- 3
- 1
Correct answer: 6
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O
Question 17: Qaysi birikma efirlar sinfiga kiradi?
- CH3COOC2H5 (Correct answer)
- CH3COOH
- C2H5OH
- CH3CHO
Correct answer: CH3COOC2H5
CH3COOC2H5 — etilasetat, efirlar sinfiga kiradi.
Question 18: Aminokislotalarning asosiy kimyoviy xususiyati?
- Amfoterlik (Correct answer)
- Faqat kislota
- Faqat asos
- Neytral
Correct answer: Amfoterlik
Aminokislotalar amfoter: ham kislota, ham asos xossasi.
Question 19: Polietilen qaysi monomerdan olinadi?
- C2H4 (Correct answer)
- C2H2
- C3H6
- C6H6
Correct answer: C2H4
n(C2H4) → (−CH2−CH2−)n — polietilen.
Question 20: Saponifikatsiyada nima hosil bo'ladi?
- Glitserin va yog' kislotasi natriy tuzi (Correct answer)
- Glukoza va etanol
- Efir va suv
- Kislota va spirt
Correct answer: Glitserin va yog' kislotasi natriy tuzi
Triglitserid + NaOH → glitserin + RCOONa (sovun).
Question 21: Kriking jarayonida nima sodir bo'ladi?
- Uzun zanjirli uglevodorodlar qisqa zanjirlilarga parchalanadi (Correct answer)
- Qisqa zanjirli uglevodorodlar uzun zanjirlarga birikadi
- Uglevodorodlar oksidlanadi
- Uglevodorodlar galogenlashadi
Correct answer: Uzun zanjirli uglevodorodlar qisqa zanjirlilarga parchalanadi
Kriking og'ir fraktsiyalarni benzin va yengil fraktsiyalarga parchalaydi.
Question 22: Kimyoviy muvozanat qanday holatda o'ngga siljiydi?
- Mahsulot konsentratsiyasi kamaytirilganda (Correct answer)
- Reaktant konsentratsiyasi kamaytirilganda
- Mahsulot konsentratsiyasi ko'paytirilganda
- Harorat pasaytirilganda
Correct answer: Mahsulot konsentratsiyasi kamaytirilganda
Mahsulot konsentratsiyasi kamaysa, muvozanat o'ngga siljiydi.
Question 23: NH4Cl eritmasining muhiti qanday?
- Kislotali (Correct answer)
- Ishqoriy
- Neytral
- Buferli
Correct answer: Kislotali
NH4Cl — zaif asos + kuchli kislota tuzi; muhit kislotali.
Question 24: Elektroliz jarayonida katodda qanday jarayon sodir bo'ladi?
- Qaytarilish (elektronlar qabul qilish) (Correct answer)
- Oksidlanish
- Neytrallanish
- Gidroliz
Correct answer: Qaytarilish (elektronlar qabul qilish)
Katodda kationlar elektronlar qabul qiladi — qaytarilish.
Question 25: Reaksiya tezligiga qaysi omil bevosita ta'sir qilmaydi?
- Reaksiya issiqlik effekti (ΔH) (Correct answer)
- Harorat
- Katalizator
- Reaktantlar konsentratsiyasi
Correct answer: Reaksiya issiqlik effekti (ΔH)
ΔH termodinamik ko'rsatkich — reaksiya tezligini bevosita belgilamaydi.
Question 26: Kuchli elektrolitlar ro'yxatini tanlang:
- HCl, NaOH, KNO3 (Correct answer)
- CH3COOH, NH3, NaCl
- H2CO3, Ca(OH)2, HF
- HCN, H2S, KOH
Correct answer: HCl, NaOH, KNO3
HCl, NaOH, KNO3 — hammasi kuchli elektrolitlar.
Question 27: Harorat 10°C ga ko'tarilganda reaksiya tezligi o'rtacha necha marta ortadi?
- 2-4 marta (Correct answer)
- 10 marta
- 0,5 marta
- 100 marta
Correct answer: 2-4 marta
Van't Hoff: 10°C da 2-4 marta ortadi.
Question 28: Neytrallanish reaksiyasining qisqartirilgan ionli tenglamasi?
- H⁺ + OH⁻ → H2O (Correct answer)
- Na⁺ + Cl⁻ → NaCl
- HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O
- H2 + O2 → H2O
Correct answer: H⁺ + OH⁻ → H2O
H⁺ + OH⁻ → H2O — barcha neytrallanish reaksiyalari.
Question 29: 28 g Fe da necha mol atom? (M(Fe)=56 g/mol)
- 0,5 mol (Correct answer)
- 1 mol
- 2 mol
- 28 mol
Correct answer: 0,5 mol
n = 28/56 = 0,5 mol
Question 30: 4Al + 3O2 → 2Al2O3: 4 mol Al berilganda necha mol Al2O3?
- 2 mol (Correct answer)
- 4 mol
- 1 mol
- 3 mol
Correct answer: 2 mol
Nisbat 4:2, demak 4 mol Al → 2 mol Al2O3.
Question 31: 22,4 litr CO2 (normal sharoitda) necha gramm? (M=44)
- 44 g (Correct answer)
- 22 g
- 28 g
- 12 g
Correct answer: 44 g
22,4 l = 1 mol CO2 = 44 g.
Question 32: 10% li NaCl eritmasining 500 g ni tayyorlash uchun necha gramm NaCl?
- 50 g (Correct answer)
- 10 g
- 100 g
- 5 g
Correct answer: 50 g
m = 10% × 500/100 = 50 g NaCl.
Question 33: Ca(OH)2 ning kimyoviy nomi?
- Kaltsiy gidroksid (Correct answer)
- Kaltsiy oksid
- Kaltsiy karbonat
- Kaltsiy xlorid
Correct answer: Kaltsiy gidroksid
Ca(OH)2 — kaltsiy gidroksid ('so'ndirilgan ohak').
Question 34: Qaysi element metalmas va VII A gruppada?
- Cl (Correct answer)
- S
- P
- Si
Correct answer: Cl
Cl (xlor) — VII A gruppa, galogen, metalmas.
Question 35: N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3: 6 mol H2 sarflanganda necha mol NH3?
- 4 mol (Correct answer)
- 6 mol
- 2 mol
- 3 mol
Correct answer: 4 mol
6 mol H2 × (2/3) = 4 mol NH3.
Question 36: Eritma massasi 200 g, tuz 10 g. Massa ulush konsentratsiya?
- 5% (Correct answer)
- 10%
- 2%
- 20%
Correct answer: 5%
ω = 10/200 × 100% = 5%.
DTM Test Kimyo
Qaysi modda amfoter xossaga ega?