UX Accessibility and Inclusive Design 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What is ARIA in web accessibility?
- Accessible Rich Internet Applications — attributes that enhance HTML semantics for assistive technologies (Correct answer)
- Automated Response Interface Architecture
- A screen reader software developed by Apple
- A WCAG compliance testing framework
Correct answer: Accessible Rich Internet Applications — attributes that enhance HTML semantics for assistive technologies
ARIA attributes supplement HTML to convey roles, states, and properties to screen readers when native HTML semantics are insufficient.
Question 2: Which ARIA attribute announces dynamic content changes to screen reader users?
- aria-live (Correct answer)
- aria-label
- aria-hidden
- aria-expanded
Correct answer: aria-live
aria-live creates a 'live region' that causes screen readers to announce content updates automatically when they occur.
Question 3: What does 'focus management' mean in accessible interaction design?
- Controlling where keyboard focus moves programmatically, especially in dynamic interfaces (Correct answer)
- Using autofocus attributes on all form fields
- Managing a team's attention during a design sprint
- Highlighting the focused element with a bold border
Correct answer: Controlling where keyboard focus moves programmatically, especially in dynamic interfaces
Focus management ensures keyboard focus is moved logically—especially after modals open, content loads, or navigation changes—so keyboard users maintain orientation.
Question 4: What is a 'skip navigation' link and who benefits from it most?
- A link at the top of a page that lets keyboard users jump past repetitive navigation to main content (Correct answer)
- A button that collapses the mobile navigation menu
- A breadcrumb that shortcuts to the homepage
- An anchor link at the bottom that returns users to the top
Correct answer: A link at the top of a page that lets keyboard users jump past repetitive navigation to main content
Skip navigation links allow keyboard and screen reader users to bypass repetitive site navigation and jump directly to the main content area.
Question 5: What accessibility issue does 'color alone' usage violate?
- The WCAG principle that information should not be conveyed by color alone (Correct answer)
- The principle of sufficient color contrast
- The rule that all text must be black on white
- The requirement that links must be underlined
Correct answer: The WCAG principle that information should not be conveyed by color alone
Using color as the sole means of conveying information excludes users with color blindness, violating WCAG Success Criterion 1.4.1.
Question 6: What are 'captions' in multimedia accessibility?
- Text transcripts of spoken audio synchronized with video, including descriptions of non-speech sounds (Correct answer)
- Image descriptions displayed below photos
- Tooltip text that appears when hovering over buttons
- Subtitles translated into a different language
Correct answer: Text transcripts of spoken audio synchronized with video, including descriptions of non-speech sounds
Captions provide synchronized text equivalents for audio in video content, including dialogue and relevant non-speech sounds, for deaf or hard-of-hearing users.
UX Accessibility and Inclusive Design 2
What is ARIA in web accessibility?