Constitution Principles of Governance Flashcards

What is the primary purpose of separating powers among three branches of government?

Answer: To prevent tyranny by dividing authority

The Framers separated powers among legislative, executive, and judicial branches to prevent the concentration of authority that leads to tyranny.

Under the Supremacy Clause, what happens when a state law conflicts with a valid federal law?

Answer: Federal law overrides the state law

The Supremacy Clause (Article VI) establishes federal law as 'the supreme Law of the Land,' overriding conflicting state laws.

Which branch of government has the power to declare war under the Constitution?

Answer: Congress

Article I, Section 8 grants Congress the exclusive power to declare war, though the President serves as Commander in Chief.

What constitutional principle ensures that no person is 'above the law,' including government officials?

Answer: Rule of law

The rule of law holds that all individuals and institutions, including the government, are accountable to laws applied equally and fairly.

Which feature of the Constitution allows it to be updated to reflect changing societal needs?

Answer: The amendment process

Article V establishes the formal amendment process, allowing the Constitution to be updated through a deliberate supermajority process.

How does federalism as established in the Constitution differ from a unitary government system?

Answer: Federalism divides sovereignty between national and state governments

Federalism splits governmental authority between the national government and state governments, each sovereign within their respective spheres.

What is the constitutional role of the Senate in checking executive power over treaties?

Answer: The Senate must ratify treaties with a two-thirds vote

Article II, Section 2 requires the Senate to advise and consent to treaties by a two-thirds supermajority vote before they become binding.