Nutrition and Diet Therapy Flashcards

Which condition requires a low-sodium diet?

Answer: Hypertension

Reducing sodium intake helps lower blood pressure by decreasing fluid retention and vascular resistance.

A patient with iron-deficiency anemia should increase intake of which food?

Answer: Lean red meat

Lean red meat is rich in heme iron, the most bioavailable form of iron that the body absorbs most efficiently.

Which vitamin deficiency is associated with scurvy?

Answer: Vitamin C

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is essential for collagen synthesis; deficiency leads to scurvy, characterized by bleeding gums and poor wound healing.

A mechanically altered diet differs from a pureed diet in that it allows:

Answer: Foods that are minced or chopped

A mechanically altered diet permits minced, ground, or finely chopped foods that are easier to chew, unlike fully pureed textures.

Which carbohydrate type takes longest to digest and helps stabilize blood sugar?

Answer: Complex carbohydrates

Complex carbohydrates contain longer glucose chains that break down slowly, resulting in a gradual rise in blood sugar.

Enteral nutrition refers to feeding through which route?

Answer: Gastrointestinal tract via tube

Enteral nutrition delivers nutrients directly into the gastrointestinal tract via nasogastric, nasojejunal, or gastrostomy tubes.

Which food group is the primary dietary source of complete proteins?

Answer: Animal products

Animal products such as meat, fish, eggs, and dairy contain all essential amino acids, making them complete protein sources.