Nutrition and Diet Therapy Flashcards

A patient with celiac disease must strictly avoid which substance?

Answer: Gluten

Celiac disease is an autoimmune condition triggered by gluten, a protein in wheat, barley, and rye that damages the small intestinal lining.

Which diet is most appropriate for a patient with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes?

Answer: Consistent carbohydrate diet

A consistent carbohydrate diet helps regulate blood glucose by spreading carbohydrate intake evenly throughout the day.

Parenteral nutrition is indicated when a patient:

Answer: Cannot absorb nutrients via the GI tract

Parenteral nutrition delivers nutrients intravenously when the gastrointestinal tract is non-functional or inaccessible.

Which electrolyte imbalance can result from prolonged nasogastric suctioning?

Answer: Hypochloremia

Nasogastric suctioning removes gastric secretions rich in hydrochloric acid, leading to loss of chloride and metabolic alkalosis.

The MyPlate guideline recommends that half of each meal consist of:

Answer: Fruits and vegetables

The USDA MyPlate model recommends filling half the plate with fruits and vegetables to promote balanced nutrition.

Folate (folic acid) supplementation is especially important during which life stage?

Answer: Pregnancy

Adequate folate intake during pregnancy reduces the risk of neural tube defects such as spina bifida in the developing fetus.

Which nutrient is most important for wound healing after surgery?

Answer: Protein

Protein provides the amino acids necessary for tissue repair, collagen synthesis, and immune function required for wound healing.