TNCC Shock and Fluid Resuscitation 3

Question 1

The base deficit on an arterial blood gas is a useful marker in trauma because it indicates:

Accepted Answer

The severity of tissue oxygen debt and anaerobic metabolism

Answer

The degree of respiratory failure

Answer

The amount of bicarbonate administered during resuscitation

Answer

Adequate fluid resuscitation has been achieved

Question 2

Which vasopressor is preferred as a first-line agent for trauma patients who remain hypotensive despite adequate volume resuscitation?

Accepted Answer

Norepinephrine

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Phenylephrine

Answer

Epinephrine

Question 3

A patient with Class III hemorrhagic shock (30-40% blood volume loss) would be expected to present with which combination of findings?

Accepted Answer

Tachycardia 120-140, hypotension, tachypnea 30-40, confused and anxious

Answer

Normal vital signs and mild anxiety

Answer

Obtunded, pulse barely palpable, agonal respirations

Answer

Tachycardia 100-120, normal blood pressure, slightly anxious

Question 4

Point-of-care viscoelastic testing (TEG/ROTEM) during trauma resuscitation is used to:

Accepted Answer

Guide goal-directed component therapy by assessing clot formation, strength, and breakdown in real-time

Answer

Measure hemoglobin and hematocrit levels

Answer

Replace standard coagulation studies entirely

Answer

Determine blood type for transfusion

Question 5

Hypothermia in trauma patients worsens hemorrhage primarily by:

Accepted Answer

Impairing coagulation enzyme function and platelet aggregation

Answer

Increasing heart rate and cardiac workload

Answer

Causing vasodilation and increased blood flow

Answer

Reducing pain perception and masking injury

Question 6

Damage control resuscitation in trauma includes all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Targeting a normal blood pressure of 120/80 mmHg before surgery

Answer

Permissive hypotension until surgical hemorrhage control

Answer

Minimizing crystalloid use and early blood product administration

Answer

Aggressive rewarming and correction of acidosis