TIPS Alcohol Physiology & Blood Alcohol Content 4

Question 1

A person with a BAC of 0.08% is legally impaired in most U.S. states. What does this percentage specifically measure?

Accepted Answer

Grams of alcohol per 100 mL of blood

Answer

BAC is expressed as grams of alcohol per 100 milliliters (or per deciliter) of blood.

Question 2

Which enzyme is primarily responsible for metabolizing alcohol in the liver?

Accepted Answer

Alcohol dehydrogenase

Answer

Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) is the primary enzyme in the liver that breaks down ethanol into acetaldehyde.

Question 3

A person's BAC continues to rise even after they stop drinking because:

Accepted Answer

Alcohol already consumed continues to be absorbed from the digestive tract

Answer

Alcohol in the stomach and small intestine continues to absorb into the bloodstream after drinking stops, causing BAC to keep rising.

Question 4

Compared to drinking on an empty stomach, eating a high-fat meal before drinking will:

Accepted Answer

Slow alcohol absorption and reduce peak BAC

Answer

Food, especially fat and protein, slows gastric emptying and delays alcohol absorption, resulting in a lower and later peak BAC.

Question 5

Which statement best describes how alcohol affects the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

It acts as a CNS depressant, slowing brain activity

Answer

Alcohol is a central nervous system depressant that inhibits neuronal activity and slows overall brain function.

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