TIA Pediatric Nursing 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A child with sickle cell disease presents with fever, severe bone pain, and swelling. The nurse recognizes this as:
- Aplastic crisis
- Vaso-occlusive (pain) crisis (Correct answer)
- Splenic sequestration crisis
- Acute chest syndrome
Correct answer: Vaso-occlusive (pain) crisis
Vaso-occlusive crisis in sickle cell disease presents with severe pain, swelling, and fever from ischemia caused by sickle cell clumping.
Question 2: A nurse is caring for a child with Kawasaki disease. Which finding is characteristic of this condition?
- Vesicular rash on the trunk
- Fever lasting more than 5 days with strawberry tongue and rash (Correct answer)
- Joint pain with morning stiffness only
- Purpuric rash on the lower extremities
Correct answer: Fever lasting more than 5 days with strawberry tongue and rash
Kawasaki disease is characterized by fever >5 days plus at least four of five criteria including strawberry tongue, rash, conjunctivitis, hand/foot changes, and cervical lymphadenopathy.
Question 3: Which immunization is recommended at birth before hospital discharge in the United States?
- DTaP
- MMR
- Hepatitis B vaccine (first dose) (Correct answer)
- Varicella vaccine
Correct answer: Hepatitis B vaccine (first dose)
The first dose of Hepatitis B vaccine is routinely given to newborns within 24 hours of birth per CDC/AAP guidelines.
Question 4: A 3-year-old is brought to the ED after ingesting an unknown substance. What is the nurse's first action?
- Induce vomiting immediately
- Contact Poison Control (1-800-222-1222) (Correct answer)
- Administer activated charcoal
- Perform gastric lavage
Correct answer: Contact Poison Control (1-800-222-1222)
Poison Control (1-800-222-1222) should be called immediately to get expert guidance on whether and how to treat the ingestion.
Question 5: A nurse is assessing a child with a suspected head injury. Which finding indicates increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in a child?
- Bradycardia, widening pulse pressure, and irregular respirations (Correct answer)
- Tachycardia and hypotension
- Hyperthermia and diaphoresis
- Decreased respiratory rate only
Correct answer: Bradycardia, widening pulse pressure, and irregular respirations
Cushing's triad — bradycardia, widened pulse pressure, and irregular breathing — is the classic sign of dangerously elevated ICP.
Question 6: A nurse is caring for a child with nephrotic syndrome. Which finding is most characteristic?
- Hematuria and hypertension
- Massive proteinuria and generalized edema (Correct answer)
- Elevated BUN and creatinine with oliguria
- Flank pain and dysuria
Correct answer: Massive proteinuria and generalized edema
Nephrotic syndrome is defined by massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and generalized edema (including periorbital).
TIA Pediatric Nursing 2
A child with sickle cell disease presents with fever, severe bone pain, and swelling.
The nurse recognizes this as: