Texas History Test Texas Native American Peoples & History 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: The Council House Fight of 1840 in San Antonio was a violent confrontation between Texas officials and leaders of which Native American group?
- Kiowa
- Apache
- Comanche (Correct answer)
- Cherokee
Correct answer: Comanche
The Council House Fight occurred in March 1840 when Texas officials attempted to hold Comanche chiefs hostage during peace negotiations over captives, resulting in multiple deaths on both sides.
Question 2: Quanah Parker, the last great chief of the Quahadi band, was a leader of which Texas Native American group?
- Kiowa
- Apache
- Comanche (Correct answer)
- Cherokee
Correct answer: Comanche
Quanah Parker was the last free chief of the Comanche Quahadi band and the son of Cynthia Ann Parker, a white woman who had been captured and raised by the Comanche.
Question 3: The Red River War of 1874–1875 effectively ended armed resistance by which Native American groups in Texas?
- Cherokee and Caddo
- Comanche and Kiowa (Correct answer)
- Apache and Navajo
- Wichita and Tonkawa
Correct answer: Comanche and Kiowa
The Red River War, directed by General William T. Sherman, defeated the Comanche, Kiowa, and Southern Cheyenne, forcing them onto reservations in Indian Territory (present-day Oklahoma).
Question 4: What occurred at Palo Duro Canyon in September 1874 that effectively broke Comanche resistance?
- A peace treaty was signed between Texas and the Comanche
- U.S. Army troops destroyed Comanche winter camps and horses (Correct answer)
- The last major Comanche raid into Mexico was launched
- Quanah Parker surrendered to Texas Rangers
Correct answer: U.S. Army troops destroyed Comanche winter camps and horses
Colonel Ranald Mackenzie led troops into Palo Duro Canyon, destroying Comanche camps and slaughtering over 1,000 horses, eliminating their ability to survive the winter and continue resistance.
Question 5: The Medicine Lodge Treaty of 1867 was significant in Texas Native American history because it:
- Gave Texas tribes permanent land rights within the state
- Established reservations in Indian Territory (Oklahoma) for southern plains tribes (Correct answer)
- Created a formal military alliance between Texas and Comanche leaders
- Ended Civil War-era conflicts involving Native Americans in Texas
Correct answer: Established reservations in Indian Territory (Oklahoma) for southern plains tribes
The Medicine Lodge Treaty assigned reservations in present-day Oklahoma to the Comanche, Kiowa, and other tribes, though many continued raiding rather than immediately accepting reservation life.
Question 6: The Lipan Apache in Texas frequently allied with which European colonial power against the Comanche in the 18th century?
- France
- England
- Spain (Correct answer)
- Portugal
Correct answer: Spain
The Lipan Apache allied with Spanish Texas against their mutual enemy the Comanche, and the Spanish even built missions specifically for the Lipan, though these ultimately failed.
Question 7: The Battle of Plum Creek in 1840 was the Texas militia's response to which event?
- The Council House Fight deaths in San Antonio
- The Great Comanche Raid that destroyed Linnville and Victoria (Correct answer)
- A Wichita attack on Red River settlements
- Apache raids on San Antonio missions
Correct answer: The Great Comanche Raid that destroyed Linnville and Victoria
The Battle of Plum Creek was the Texas militia's interception of a large Comanche war party returning from the Great Raid, which had destroyed the coastal towns of Linnville and Victoria in retaliation for the Council House Fight.
Texas History Test Texas Native American Peoples & History 2
The Council House Fight of 1840 in San Antonio was a violent confrontation between Texas officials and leaders of which Native American group?