Teeth Whitening Whitening Ingredients & Chemistry 2

Question 1

What does PAP stand for in the context of newer non-peroxide whitening formulas?

Accepted Answer

Phthalimidoperoxycaproic acid

Answer

Phenyl amino propanol

Answer

Phosphate activated polymer

Answer

Polyamine peroxide agent

Question 2

Intrinsic tooth stains caused by tetracycline antibiotics are classified as what type of discoloration?

Accepted Answer

Intrinsic chromogenic staining

Answer

Extrinsic surface staining

Answer

Fluorosis banding

Answer

Calculus-related staining

Question 3

Why is a higher concentration of peroxide NOT always more effective for at-home whitening trays?

Accepted Answer

It breaks down too quickly before adequate penetration occurs

Answer

It permanently hardens enamel

Answer

It removes fluoride ions from the tooth

Answer

It requires UV light to activate

Question 4

Titanium dioxide is included in some whitening products mainly for what purpose?

Accepted Answer

To provide immediate optical whitening via light reflection

Answer

To accelerate peroxide decomposition

Answer

To bind stain molecules to enamel

Answer

To lower the pH of the gel

Question 5

What pH range do professional whitening gels typically maintain to balance efficacy and enamel safety?

Accepted Answer

5.5–7.0

Answer

3.0–4.5

Answer

7.5–9.0

Answer

1.0–2.5

Question 6

Which naturally occurring compound gives coffee, tea, and red wine their staining power on teeth?

Accepted Answer

Tannins (polyphenols)

Answer

Caffeine alkaloids

Answer

Acetic acid esters

Answer

Lactic acid bacteria