TEAS Science: Human Body Systems and Anatomy 3 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which gland regulates many other endocrine glands and is called the 'master gland'?
- Thyroid
- Pituitary (Correct answer)
- Adrenal
- Pineal
Correct answer: Pituitary
The pituitary gland controls other endocrine glands and is known as the master gland.
Question 2: Where does the majority of nutrient absorption occur in the digestive system?
- Stomach
- Large intestine
- Small intestine (Correct answer)
- Esophagus
Correct answer: Small intestine
The small intestine, with its villi, absorbs most nutrients from digested food.
Question 3: Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?
- Veins
- Arteries (Correct answer)
- Capillaries
- Venules
Correct answer: Arteries
Arteries carry blood away from the heart, usually under high pressure.
Question 4: What is the functional unit of the nervous system?
- Neuron (Correct answer)
- Nephron
- Alveolus
- Sarcomere
Correct answer: Neuron
The neuron is the basic cell of the nervous system that transmits electrical impulses.
Question 5: Which bone protects the brain?
- Sternum
- Cranium (Correct answer)
- Vertebrae
- Pelvis
Correct answer: Cranium
The cranium is the part of the skull that encloses and protects the brain.
Question 6: Gas exchange between air and blood occurs in which structures of the lungs?
- Bronchi
- Alveoli (Correct answer)
- Trachea
- Pleura
Correct answer: Alveoli
Alveoli are tiny air sacs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged with the blood.
Question 7: Which system works with the skeletal system to enable body movement?
- Endocrine system
- Muscular system (Correct answer)
- Lymphatic system
- Urinary system
Correct answer: Muscular system
The muscular system contracts and pulls on bones to produce movement.
TEAS Science: Human Body Systems and Anatomy 3
Which gland regulates many other endocrine glands and is called the 'master gland'?