TEAS Science: Biology and Life Science 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which organelle is the primary site of ATP production in eukaryotic cells?
- Ribosome
- Mitochondrion (Correct answer)
- Golgi apparatus
- Lysosome
Correct answer: Mitochondrion
Mitochondria generate most cellular ATP through aerobic respiration.
Question 2: During which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles?
- Prophase
- Metaphase
- Anaphase (Correct answer)
- Telophase
Correct answer: Anaphase
Sister chromatids are pulled apart toward opposite poles during anaphase.
Question 3: What molecule carries the genetic instructions used to build proteins during translation?
- mRNA (Correct answer)
- Glycogen
- Cholesterol
- ATP
Correct answer: mRNA
Messenger RNA carries the codon sequence read by ribosomes during translation.
Question 4: Which of the following best describes an enzyme's role in a chemical reaction?
- It raises activation energy
- It is consumed by the reaction
- It lowers activation energy (Correct answer)
- It changes the reaction's products
Correct answer: It lowers activation energy
Enzymes are catalysts that lower the activation energy needed for a reaction.
Question 5: In a typical food chain, organisms that produce their own food using sunlight are called what?
- Decomposers
- Primary consumers
- Producers (Correct answer)
- Carnivores
Correct answer: Producers
Producers, such as plants, make their own food through photosynthesis.
Question 6: Which blood vessels carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to the body?
- Veins
- Arteries (Correct answer)
- Capillaries
- Venules
Correct answer: Arteries
Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart (except the pulmonary artery).
Question 7: A trait that is masked when a dominant allele is present is described as what?
- Codominant
- Recessive (Correct answer)
- Polygenic
- Homozygous
Correct answer: Recessive
A recessive trait is expressed only when no dominant allele is present.
TEAS Science: Biology and Life Science 2
Which organelle is the primary site of ATP production in eukaryotic cells?