Mixed Deck — All Supply Chain and Logistics Topics Flashcards
100 cards from real Supply Chain and Logistics practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 20 Mixed Deck — All Supply Chain and Logistics Topics flashcards as text
What is a digital twin in supply chain management?
Answer: A virtual replica of the supply chain used for simulation, scenario planning, and optimization
A supply chain digital twin creates a real-time virtual model that mirrors physical operations, enabling what-if analysis and risk simulation.
What does 'supply chain agility' mean?
Answer: The ability to rapidly respond to changes in demand, supply, or market conditions
Supply chain agility is the capability to quickly adjust supply levels, routes, sourcing, and processes in response to unexpected changes.
What is the purpose of a supply chain control tower?
Answer: A centralized hub providing real-time visibility and decision-support across the entire supply chain
A supply chain control tower aggregates data from across the supply chain to provide visibility, analytics, and coordinated response to disruptions.
What does TCO stand for in procurement?
Answer: Total Cost of Ownership
Total Cost of Ownership encompasses all costs associated with acquiring, operating, and disposing of a product or service over its lifetime.
What is deadhead mileage in trucking?
Answer: Miles a truck travels empty without a paying load
Deadhead miles are unprofitable empty miles a driver travels after delivering a load and before picking up the next one.
What does LTL stand for in freight shipping?
Answer: Less-Than-Truckload
LTL (Less-Than-Truckload) shipping combines freight from multiple shippers into a single truck, lowering costs for smaller loads.
What is a receiving inspection in warehouse operations?
Answer: Verifying that inbound goods match purchase orders and meet quality standards before accepting them
Receiving inspection checks quantity, condition, and specification of incoming goods against the PO and packing list before storage.
What is a 3D racking or high-bay warehouse system designed to maximize?
Answer: Vertical storage density by using tall rack structures up to 100+ feet
High-bay warehouses use automated storage and retrieval systems (AS/RS) to exploit vertical height, dramatically increasing storage density per square foot.
What is a pick-and-pack operation?
Answer: Retrieving specific items from warehouse storage and packaging them for individual customer orders
Pick-and-pack involves selecting individual items from warehouse locations and packaging them into customer-specific shipments.
What is safety stock used for in inventory management?
Answer: Buffer against demand variability and supply delays
Safety stock is extra inventory held to protect against unexpected spikes in demand or delays in replenishment.
The concept of 'supply chain agility' in risk management means:
Answer: The ability to rapidly reconfigure supply chain operations in response to unexpected changes
Agility refers to a supply chain's capacity to sense disruptions quickly and restructure sourcing, production, or logistics rapidly to maintain service levels.
What is the purpose of a Request for Proposal (RFP)?
Answer: Solicit detailed proposals from vendors for a product or service
An RFP invites vendors to submit proposals detailing how they would fulfill a buyer's requirements, enabling competitive evaluation.
What is export controls compliance?
Answer: Ensuring that exports of controlled goods, technology, and information comply with US government regulations
Export controls regulate the transfer of dual-use goods, military items, and sensitive technologies to foreign countries or nationals.
What is a bill of lading (BOL)?
Answer: A legal document between a shipper and carrier detailing shipment terms
A bill of lading is the primary shipping document that serves as a receipt, contract of carriage, and document of title.
What does 'supply risk' refer to in procurement?
Answer: Probability of supply disruption affecting the ability to obtain required goods or services
Supply risk encompasses factors like supplier financial instability, geopolitical events, natural disasters, and single-source dependency.
What is a bill of materials (BOM)?
Answer: A comprehensive list of raw materials and components needed to manufacture a product
A bill of materials specifies all components, sub-assemblies, and quantities required to produce a finished product.
Which risk mitigation strategy involves holding safety stock to protect against supply disruptions?
Answer: Risk buffering
Risk buffering uses inventory buffers (safety stock) or capacity reserves to absorb supply or demand shocks.
What is the purpose of an export license in US trade compliance?
Answer: Government authorization required to export controlled goods, technology, or services to certain destinations or end users
An export license is required for controlled items under the EAR or ITAR when exported to certain countries, entities, or for prohibited end uses.
Which inventory system continuously tracks stock levels and triggers orders when needed?
Answer: Continuous review system
A continuous review (Q) system monitors inventory in real time and places orders whenever stock falls to the reorder point.
What is a reverse auction in procurement?
Answer: Suppliers compete by submitting progressively lower bids for a buyer's contract
In a reverse auction, multiple suppliers bid against each other in real time, driving down the price a buyer pays for goods or services.