Logical and Numerical Problem-Solving Flashcards

A sequence follows the rule: each term is the sum of the two preceding terms. If the 4th term is 11 and the 5th term is 18, what is the 6th term?

Answer: 29

In a Fibonacci-type sequence, the 6th term = 18 + 11 = 29.

A store reduces a price by 20%, then increases it by 25%. What is the net percentage change from the original price?

Answer: 0%

0.80 × 1.25 = 1.00, so the final price equals the original price — a 0% net change.

If all Blargs are Flurps, and no Flurps are Gronks, which conclusion must be true?

Answer: No Blargs are Gronks

Since all Blargs are Flurps and no Flurps are Gronks, it follows that no Blargs can be Gronks.

Three workers can paint 3 rooms in 3 days. How many rooms can 6 workers paint in 6 days?

Answer: 12

One worker paints 1 room in 3 days; in 6 days one worker does 2 rooms, so 6 workers do 12 rooms.

Which number is the odd one out: 8, 27, 64, 100, 125?

Answer: 100

8, 27, 64, and 125 are perfect cubes (2³, 3³, 4³, 5³); 100 is not a perfect cube.

A rectangle has a perimeter of 56 cm and a length that is 3 times its width. What is the area of the rectangle?

Answer: 147 cm²

2(3w + w) = 56 → w = 7, length = 21; area = 7 × 21 = 147 cm².

In a logical puzzle, P → Q and Q → R are both true. P is true. What must also be true?

Answer: P → R

By hypothetical syllogism, P → Q and Q → R together imply P → R, and since P is true, R is true.