Logical Reasoning Skills Flashcards

Some violent crimes occur during daylight hours. All violent crimes are investigated by detectives. Which statement must be true?

Answer: Some daylight crimes are investigated by detectives

Since some violent crimes occur during daylight and all violent crimes are investigated by detectives, those daylight violent crimes are investigated by detectives.

A police report uses codes: Code 1 = minor incident, Code 2 = moderate incident, Code 3 = major incident. If every burglary is at least Code 2, and the current call is Code 1, what can be concluded?

Answer: The current call is not a burglary

If all burglaries are Code 2 or higher and this call is Code 1, it cannot be a burglary.

Four suspects — Adams, Baker, Clark, and Davis — are in four separate rooms numbered 1–4. Baker is not in room 1. Clark is in room 3. Adams is not next to Clark. Which room is Adams in?

Answer: Room 4

Clark is in room 3; rooms adjacent to 3 are 2 and 4. Adams cannot be in 2 or 4 if adjacent means next to — Adams must be in room 1 or 4, but not next to Clark (room 3), so Adams is in room 1... wait: room 4 is next to room 3, so Adams is in room 1. Baker not in room 1, so Baker is in room 2, Davis in room 4, Adams in room 1.

Every officer who fires their weapon must file an incident report. Officer Grant filed an incident report today. Which is the most logical conclusion?

Answer: Officer Grant may or may not have fired their weapon

The rule says weapon discharge requires a report, but reports can be filed for other reasons too, so firing is not the only explanation.

If vandalism increases whenever school is out of session, and school is currently in session, what can be inferred?

Answer: No conclusions about vandalism can be drawn

The rule only addresses what happens when school is out; when school is in session, the rule provides no information about vandalism levels.

Five crimes were committed on Monday through Friday, one per day. The robbery occurred before the assault. The fraud occurred after the assault. The theft occurred on Wednesday. The arson occurred on Friday. On which day did the robbery occur?

Answer: Monday

Theft=Wednesday, Arson=Friday; robbery < assault < fraud fills Monday, Tuesday, Thursday — robbery must be Monday (earliest), assault Tuesday, fraud Thursday.

Which of the following is an example of deductive reasoning?

Answer: All felonies carry prison terms; this crime is a felony; therefore it carries a prison term

Deductive reasoning draws a certain conclusion from general premises applied to a specific case, as shown in option B.