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Emergency Medicine Flashcards

7 cards from real SPEX practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. Which antidote is used for acetaminophen overdose and when should it be administered?

    Answer: N-acetylcysteine (NAC) based on Rumack-Matthew nomogram

    N-acetylcysteine is the antidote for acetaminophen toxicity; the Rumack-Matthew nomogram determines treatment thresholds based on serum level and time since ingestion.

  2. A patient presents with acute angle-closure glaucoma. Which symptom combination is classic?

    Answer: Sudden unilateral eye pain, headache, nausea, and halos around lights

    Acute angle-closure glaucoma presents with sudden, severe unilateral eye pain, headache, vomiting, halos around lights, and a mid-dilated non-reactive pupil.

  3. In pediatric resuscitation, what is the correct first energy dose for defibrillation?

    Answer: 2 J/kg

    Per PALS guidelines, initial defibrillation dose in pediatric VF/pVT is 2 J/kg, with subsequent doses at 4 J/kg.

  4. A patient presents after a bee sting with urticaria, stridor, and hypotension. What is the FIRST-LINE treatment?

    Answer: Epinephrine 0.3mg IM in the lateral thigh

    Epinephrine IM is the first-line, life-saving treatment for anaphylaxis; antihistamines and steroids are adjuncts only.

  5. What is the Cushing's triad and what does it indicate?

    Answer: Hypertension, bradycardia, and irregular respirations indicating increased intracranial pressure

    Cushing's triad (hypertension, bradycardia, irregular respirations) represents the brainstem's response to herniation from elevated ICP and signals impending death.

  6. Which of the following is a contraindication to thrombolytics in pulmonary embolism?

    Answer: Recent intracranial surgery within 3 months

    Recent intracranial surgery or stroke within 3 months is an absolute contraindication to thrombolytics due to the risk of intracranial hemorrhage.

  7. A patient presents with hyperthermia >41°C, muscle rigidity, and altered mental status after starting a new antipsychotic. Which diagnosis should be suspected?

    Answer: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)

    NMS presents with hyperthermia, lead-pipe rigidity, altered consciousness, and autonomic instability following antipsychotic use, developing over days.