SPEX SPEX Pharmacology

Question 1

Which mechanism describes how warfarin exerts its anticoagulant effect?

Accepted Answer

Inhibiting vitamin K epoxide reductase

Answer

Blocking thrombin directly

Answer

Activating antithrombin III

Answer

Inhibiting factor Xa only

Question 2

A patient on metformin develops lactic acidosis. Which condition most increases this risk?

Accepted Answer

Renal impairment

Answer

Hypertension

Answer

Hyperlipidemia

Answer

Hypothyroidism

Question 3

Which drug class is first-line for managing acute gout attacks in a patient without contraindications?

Accepted Answer

NSAIDs

Answer

Allopurinol

Answer

Probenecid

Answer

Thiazide diuretics

Question 4

Which antibiotic class inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding penicillin-binding proteins?

Accepted Answer

Beta-lactams

Answer

Fluoroquinolones

Answer

Macrolides

Answer

Aminoglycosides

Question 5

A patient taking an SSRI is started on tramadol for pain. What serious interaction should be anticipated?

Accepted Answer

Serotonin syndrome

Answer

Nephrotoxicity

Answer

Agranulocytosis

Answer

QT prolongation only

Question 6

Which beta-blocker is considered cardioselective at low doses and preferred in patients with mild asthma?

Accepted Answer

Metoprolol

Answer

Propranolol

Answer

Carvedilol

Answer

Labetalol