SPEX SPEX Pharmacology 3

Question 1

Which opioid analgesic is considered safest in patients with renal failure due to lack of active metabolite accumulation?

Accepted Answer

Fentanyl

Answer

Morphine

Answer

Codeine

Answer

Hydromorphone

Question 2

What is the antidote for acetaminophen overdose?

Accepted Answer

N-acetylcysteine

Answer

Naloxone

Answer

Flumazenil

Answer

Activated charcoal only

Question 3

Which drug used for type 2 diabetes carries the highest risk of hypoglycemia when used as monotherapy?

Accepted Answer

Glipizide

Answer

Metformin

Answer

Sitagliptin

Answer

Empagliflozin

Question 4

A physician prescribes digoxin for heart failure. Which electrolyte abnormality potentiates digoxin toxicity?

Accepted Answer

Hypokalemia

Answer

Hyperkalemia

Answer

Hypernatremia

Answer

Hypermagnesemia

Question 5

Which class of drugs is contraindicated in pregnancy due to causing fetal renal dysgenesis and oligohydramnios?

Accepted Answer

ACE inhibitors

Answer

Beta-blockers

Answer

Calcium channel blockers

Answer

Alpha-methyldopa

Question 6

What is the mechanism of resistance when bacteria produce beta-lactamase enzymes?

Accepted Answer

They hydrolyze the beta-lactam ring

Answer

They alter penicillin-binding proteins

Answer

They efflux the drug before it acts

Answer

They methylate the antibiotic target