Piping Design Principles & Standards Flashcards
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Which document defines the piping material requirements for a specific service, including pipe grade, fittings, and valves?
Answer: Piping Material Specification (PMS)
A Piping Material Specification (PMS) or Piping Class document defines all materials, ratings, end connections, and components approved for each service class.
What is the standard flange pressure-temperature rating class used for low-pressure steam service in many refinery applications?
Answer: Class 150
ASME B16.5 Class 150 flanges are commonly used for low-pressure steam and moderate-pressure services in refineries and process plants.
On a P&ID, what symbol is typically used to represent a control valve?
Answer: A bow-tie or butterfly shape with a circle on top indicating the actuator
Control valves on P&IDs are shown as a bow-tie (globe valve body) symbol with an actuator circle above, per ISA 5.1 symbology standards.
What is the recommended slope for steam condensate return lines to ensure proper drainage?
Answer: 1/8 inch per foot minimum
Steam condensate lines are typically sloped a minimum of 1/8 inch per foot in the direction of flow to prevent water hammer and ensure proper drainage.
Which fitting type provides the strongest and most leak-resistant joint for high-pressure piping?
Answer: Butt weld fitting
Butt weld fittings, when properly welded, create a full-penetration joint that is as strong as the pipe itself and is preferred for high-pressure, high-temperature service.
What is the primary purpose of a pressure safety valve (PSV) in a piping system?
Answer: To relieve overpressure and protect equipment from exceeding design pressure
A PSV is a last line of defense that automatically opens to vent fluid when system pressure exceeds the design limit, preventing vessel or piping failure.
What is the term for the allowable distance a pipe can span between supports without excessive deflection?
Answer: Support span
Support span is the maximum allowable distance between pipe supports, determined by pipe size, material, fluid weight, and deflection limits.