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Pipe Fabrication & Welding Standards Flashcards

7 cards from real SPED practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. According to ASME B31.3, what is the minimum preheat temperature required for P-No. 1 carbon steel pipe with a wall thickness exceeding 1 inch?

    Answer: 175°F (79°C)

    ASME B31.3 Table 331.1.1 requires a minimum preheat of 175°F for P-No. 1 steels when the nominal wall thickness exceeds 1 inch.

  2. Which NDE method is most effective for detecting subsurface volumetric defects such as porosity and inclusions in a weld?

    Answer: Radiographic testing (RT)

    Radiographic testing uses X-ray or gamma-ray radiation to reveal volumetric internal defects like porosity and slag inclusions throughout the weld cross-section.

  3. In pipe fabrication, what does the term 'fit-up' refer to?

    Answer: The alignment and gap preparation of pipe ends before welding

    Fit-up is the preparation step where pipe ends are aligned, gapped, and tacked in position to ensure proper joint geometry before the root pass is deposited.

  4. What is the primary purpose of a Procedure Qualification Record (PQR) in welding?

    Answer: To record the actual test variables used to qualify a Welding Procedure Specification

    A PQR is a record of the welding data and test results from the coupon tests used to qualify a WPS, as required by ASME Section IX.

  5. Under ASME B16.25, which end preparation is considered a standard butt-welding end for pipe nominal sizes 2½ inches and larger with wall thicknesses up to 0.88 inches?

    Answer: Single-V groove at 37.5°

    ASME B16.25 specifies a single-V bevel at 37.5° (±2.5°) from the pipe axis as the standard butt-welding end prep for the specified size and thickness range.

  6. Which ASME Section IX P-Number group includes austenitic stainless steels such as Type 304 and 316?

    Answer: P-No. 8

    ASME Section IX assigns P-No. 8 to austenitic stainless steels, including commonly used grades 304, 304L, 316, and 316L.

  7. In SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding) of pipe, what is the purpose of the 'stringer bead' technique versus the 'weave bead' technique?

    Answer: Stringer beads are narrow passes with lower heat input; weave beads are wider with higher heat input

    Stringer beads travel in a straight line producing narrow, lower-heat-input passes ideal for heat-sensitive materials, while weave beads oscillate laterally to cover more width but introduce more heat.