Software Testing Defect Management & Lifecycle Flashcards

What is defect clustering in software testing?

Answer: The tendency for most defects to concentrate in a small number of modules

Defect clustering (an application of Pareto's principle) observes that roughly 80% of defects are typically found in about 20% of the modules.

What does 'defect leakage' refer to?

Answer: Defects that escape testing and reach production

Defect leakage measures the number of defects found by end users in production that should have been caught during testing.

Which term describes a defect introduced while fixing another defect?

Answer: Regression defect

A regression defect (or regression) is introduced when a code change — including a bug fix — unintentionally breaks previously working functionality.

What information is essential in a well-written defect report?

Answer: Steps to reproduce, expected result, actual result, and environment details

A complete defect report includes clear reproduction steps, the expected vs. actual behavior, severity, priority, and the environment in which it was observed.

In defect management, what does 'root cause analysis' aim to achieve?

Answer: Identify the underlying process or code issue that caused the defect

Root cause analysis investigates the underlying reason a defect was introduced to enable process improvements that prevent similar defects in the future.

What is a 'duplicate' defect status?

Answer: A defect already reported by someone else in the system

A defect is marked 'Duplicate' when it has already been logged in the tracking system, and the new report is closed in favor of the original.