SNLE Fundamentals of Nursing 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which type of isolation precaution is required for a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis?
- Airborne precautions (Correct answer)
- Contact precautions
- Droplet precautions
- Standard precautions only
Correct answer: Airborne precautions
Pulmonary tuberculosis is transmitted via airborne droplet nuclei (particles <5 microns) that remain suspended in the air. Airborne precautions require a negative-pressure room and N95 respirators.
Question 2: A patient's blood pressure is 150/95 mmHg. How should this reading be documented?
- 150/95 mmHg (Correct answer)
- 150 over 95
- Elevated BP
- Systolic 150, diastolic 95 mmHg
Correct answer: 150/95 mmHg
Blood pressure is documented numerically as systolic/diastolic in mmHg format (e.g., 150/95 mmHg). This standardized format ensures clarity and consistency across healthcare records.
Question 3: What is the normal range for adult respiratory rate?
- 12–20 breaths per minute (Correct answer)
- 8–12 breaths per minute
- 20–30 breaths per minute
- 6–10 breaths per minute
Correct answer: 12–20 breaths per minute
The normal adult respiratory rate is 12–20 breaths per minute. Values below 12 (bradypnea) or above 20 (tachypnea) may indicate respiratory compromise and require further assessment.
Question 4: Which nursing intervention is the highest priority when a patient develops sudden severe chest pain?
- Assess the patient and notify the physician immediately (Correct answer)
- Administer prescribed analgesics
- Reassure the patient that it will pass
- Document the complaint and continue monitoring
Correct answer: Assess the patient and notify the physician immediately
Sudden severe chest pain can indicate a life-threatening condition such as myocardial infarction. The priority is immediate assessment and physician notification to initiate rapid diagnostic and treatment protocols.
Question 5: What is the purpose of a nursing care plan?
- To provide individualized, goal-directed care and guide interventions (Correct answer)
- To document physician orders only
- To record billing information
- To schedule nursing shifts
Correct answer: To provide individualized, goal-directed care and guide interventions
A nursing care plan individualizes care based on patient-specific nursing diagnoses and goals. It guides nursing interventions, promotes continuity of care, and provides a framework for evaluation.
Question 6: A patient is in pain and rates it 8/10. Which action should the nurse take first?
- Perform a comprehensive pain assessment (Correct answer)
- Administer the maximum analgesic dose
- Tell the patient to rest quietly
- Reassess pain in one hour
Correct answer: Perform a comprehensive pain assessment
A comprehensive pain assessment (location, quality, duration, aggravating/relieving factors) must precede any intervention to ensure appropriate and safe management. Assessment drives the intervention choice.
SNLE Fundamentals of Nursing 2
Which type of isolation precaution is required for a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis?