Skin Anatomy & Pigment Theory Flashcards

Which layer of the epidermis is responsible for producing new keratinocytes through mitosis?

Answer: Stratum basale

The stratum basale is the deepest epidermal layer where keratinocytes actively divide to replenish upper layers.

During SMP, depositing pigment too superficially into the stratum corneum will most likely result in:

Answer: Rapid pigment fading as the layer sheds

The stratum corneum constantly sheds (desquamation), so pigment placed there will be lost within days to weeks.

What is the primary protein that gives the epidermis its barrier function and mechanical strength?

Answer: Keratin

Keratin is the structural protein produced by keratinocytes that forms the tough, waterproof barrier of the epidermis.

Fitzpatrick Skin Type VI is best characterized by which of the following?

Answer: Deeply pigmented dark brown or black skin that never burns

Fitzpatrick Type VI describes the deepest skin phototype with rich melanin that provides strong natural UV protection.

Which pigment component determines the 'cool' (blue-black) versus 'warm' (red-brown) tones seen in SMP pigments?

Answer: Eumelanin vs. pheomelanin ratio analogy in pigment formulation

SMP pigments mimic natural melanin tones; cooler pigments replicate eumelanin (dark/blue) while warmer ones reflect pheomelanin (red/brown) characteristics.

The Langerhans cells found in the epidermis primarily serve as:

Answer: Antigen-presenting immune cells

Langerhans cells are dendritic immune cells that detect foreign substances and present antigens to T-lymphocytes.

When an SMP technician describes pigment 'migration,' they are referring to:

Answer: Pigment spreading laterally beyond the original dot placement

Migration (also called spreading or blurring) occurs when pigment disperses outward from the deposit site, often due to improper depth or oversaturation.