SMLE Community Medicine & Preventive Health 3

Question 1

A screening test is positive in a patient who is later confirmed by the gold standard test to NOT have the disease. This result is classified as:

Accepted Answer

False positive

Answer

True positive

Answer

True negative

Answer

False negative

Question 2

Physical inactivity is recognized as a major modifiable risk factor for which of the following groups of conditions?

Accepted Answer

Cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, obesity, and several cancers

Answer

Diabetes mellitus only

Answer

Cardiovascular disease only

Answer

Hypertension and stroke only

Question 3

A researcher recruits 1,000 disease-free adults and follows them for 10 years to measure who develops type 2 diabetes and why. What study design is being used?

Accepted Answer

Prospective cohort study

Answer

Case-control study

Answer

Cross-sectional study

Answer

Randomized controlled trial

Question 4

The attributable risk (risk difference) for lung cancer between smokers and non-smokers is 0.15. What does this number represent?

Accepted Answer

15 per 100 smokers develop lung cancer attributable to smoking itself

Answer

Smokers are 15 times more likely to develop lung cancer

Answer

Smoking accounts for 15% of all cancers

Answer

Non-smokers have a 15% baseline risk of lung cancer

Question 5

According to Saudi MOH screening guidelines, at what age should colorectal cancer screening begin in average-risk asymptomatic individuals?

Accepted Answer

Age 50 years

Answer

Age 40 years

Answer

Age 45 years

Answer

Age 55 years

Question 6

A diagnostic test is reported to have a sensitivity of 90%. This means that:

Accepted Answer

90% of individuals with the disease will test positive

Answer

90% of healthy individuals will test negative

Answer

90% of people with a positive result truly have the disease

Answer

10% of healthy individuals will test positive

Question 7

Which study design is MOST appropriate to estimate the prevalence of childhood obesity among school-age children in Saudi Arabia?

Accepted Answer

Cross-sectional survey

Answer

Randomized controlled trial

Answer

Case-control study

Answer

Longitudinal cohort study