Slideshow Videos Research & Evidence-Based Practice 2

Question 1

In a randomized controlled trial (RCT), what is the primary purpose of randomization?

Accepted Answer

To eliminate selection bias

Answer

Randomization distributes known and unknown confounders equally across groups, eliminating selection bias.

Question 2

Which level of the evidence hierarchy is typically considered strongest for clinical decision-making?

Accepted Answer

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses

Answer

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses pool data from multiple high-quality studies, providing the strongest level of evidence.

Question 3

A researcher wants to study whether a medication causes a rare side effect. Which study design is MOST appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Case-control study

Answer

Case-control studies are ideal for rare outcomes because they start with cases who have the outcome and compare them to controls.

Question 4

What does a confidence interval (CI) that does NOT cross 1.0 indicate in a relative risk calculation?

Accepted Answer

The result is statistically significant

Answer

A 95% CI for relative risk that excludes 1.0 indicates the association is statistically significant at the p<0.05 level.

Question 5

What is the term for systematic error introduced when study participants are not representative of the target population?

Accepted Answer

Selection bias

Answer

Selection bias occurs when the sample systematically differs from the population of interest, limiting generalizability.

Slideshow Videos Practice Test