SIA Door Fire Safety & First Aid Basics 4 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What is anaphylaxis and what is the treatment?
- A severe life-threatening allergic reaction; treated with adrenaline auto-injector (EpiPen) and 999 (Correct answer)
- A mild rash caused by an allergy; treated with antihistamines
- A panic attack; treated by calming the patient
- A drug overdose; treated with naloxone
Correct answer: A severe life-threatening allergic reaction; treated with adrenaline auto-injector (EpiPen) and 999
Anaphylaxis is a severe, potentially fatal allergic reaction causing airway swelling, breathing difficulty and circulatory collapse; emergency adrenaline (EpiPen) and immediate 999 call are essential.
Question 2: A customer is bleeding heavily from a wound. What is the correct first aid response?
- Apply direct firm pressure to the wound using a clean cloth and call 999 (Correct answer)
- Apply a tourniquet above the wound immediately
- Clean the wound with water before applying pressure
- Remove any embedded objects before pressing
Correct answer: Apply direct firm pressure to the wound using a clean cloth and call 999
Direct firm pressure is the first-line treatment for heavy bleeding; embedded objects should not be removed as they may be stemming blood flow; if bleeding is life-threatening, 999 must be called.
Question 3: What are the signs of a stroke and what does FAST stand for?
- Face drooping, Arm weakness, Speech difficulty, Time to call 999 (Correct answer)
- Faint, Alert, Sit, Transfer
- Fall, Assess, Stabilise, Transport
- Face pale, Arms shaking, Slurred speech, Treatment
Correct answer: Face drooping, Arm weakness, Speech difficulty, Time to call 999
FAST (Face, Arms, Speech, Time) is the stroke recognition tool; facial drooping, arm weakness or speech difficulties are signs of stroke requiring an immediate 999 call.
Question 4: What is the 'Heimlich manoeuvre' used for?
- Relieving a severe choking episode in a conscious adult (Correct answer)
- Resuscitating a cardiac arrest patient
- Treating a suspected spinal injury
- Managing an epileptic seizure
Correct answer: Relieving a severe choking episode in a conscious adult
The Heimlich manoeuvre (abdominal thrusts) is used to dislodge a foreign body blocking the airway in a conscious adult who is choking and cannot cough it out themselves.
Question 5: A person is having an epileptic seizure. What should a door supervisor do?
- Protect the person from injury, time the seizure, do not restrain and call 999 if the seizure lasts more than 5 minutes (Correct answer)
- Hold the person down to prevent self-harm
- Place something in their mouth to prevent biting
- Splash water on their face to bring them round
Correct answer: Protect the person from injury, time the seizure, do not restrain and call 999 if the seizure lasts more than 5 minutes
During a seizure, clear the area of hazards, cushion the head, do not restrain and time the episode; call 999 if it lasts more than 5 minutes, the person is injured or does not regain consciousness.
Question 6: What does 'SAMPLE' stand for in first aid casualty assessment?
- Signs and symptoms, Allergies, Medications, Past history, Last oral intake, Events leading up (Correct answer)
- Severity, Attention, Medical, Pain, Life signs, Events
- Site, Assessment, Medical, Pain, Level of consciousness, Environment
- Situation, Airway, Medical history, Pulse, Level of response, Emergency
Correct answer: Signs and symptoms, Allergies, Medications, Past history, Last oral intake, Events leading up
SAMPLE is a history-taking tool: Signs/Symptoms, Allergies, Medications, Past medical history, Last oral intake and Events leading to the situation — helping paramedics when they arrive.
SIA Door Fire Safety & First Aid Basics 4
What is anaphylaxis and what is the treatment?