SGNA Pathophysiology of GI Disorders 3

Question 1

Diverticulosis most commonly affects which segment of the large intestine?

Accepted Answer

Sigmoid colon

Answer

Ascending colon

Answer

Transverse colon

Answer

Descending colon

Question 2

The Rome IV criteria are primarily used as a diagnostic framework for classifying which category of GI conditions?

Accepted Answer

Functional gastrointestinal disorders including IBS

Answer

Inflammatory bowel diseases

Answer

Structural GI malignancies

Answer

Infectious gastrointestinal illnesses

Question 3

Ischemic colitis most commonly affects which colonic regions due to their watershed blood supply?

Accepted Answer

Splenic flexure and sigmoid colon

Answer

Cecum and ascending colon

Answer

Hepatic flexure and transverse colon

Answer

Rectum and rectosigmoid junction

Question 4

Gastroparesis is defined as delayed gastric emptying in the absence of which essential condition?

Accepted Answer

Mechanical gastric outlet obstruction

Answer

Diabetes mellitus

Answer

Vagal nerve dysfunction

Answer

Electrolyte abnormalities

Question 5

A Mallory-Weiss tear is caused by which primary mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Sudden increase in intragastric pressure from forceful retching or vomiting

Answer

Chronic acid-peptic mucosal erosion

Answer

Ingestion of a sharp foreign body

Answer

Rupture of a peptic ulcer through the mucosa

Question 6

The Forrest classification is used during endoscopy to categorize which clinical finding?

Accepted Answer

Endoscopic stigmata of hemorrhage in peptic ulcer bleeding

Answer

Severity of esophageal varices

Answer

Grade of esophagitis in GERD

Answer

Degree of mucosal inflammation in IBD

Question 7

Achalasia is characterized by the failure of which structure to relax appropriately during swallowing?

Accepted Answer

Lower esophageal sphincter (LES)

Answer

Upper esophageal sphincter (cricopharyngeus)

Answer

Pyloric sphincter

Answer

Ileocecal valve