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Electrical Systems & Wiring Flashcards

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  1. How is the total load capacity of a residential electrical panel calculated?

    Answer: By multiplying the panel voltage by its main breaker amperage rating

    Panel capacity equals voltage × main breaker rating (e.g., 240V × 200A = 48,000 watts or 48 kVA maximum service capacity).

  2. What is the function of a service disconnect in a residential electrical system?

    Answer: Provide a single means to disconnect all power to the building

    The service disconnect, usually the main breaker, gives emergency personnel and homeowners a single point to cut all power entering the structure.

  3. What test instrument measures electrical resistance in a circuit or component?

    Answer: Ohmmeter

    An ohmmeter (often part of a multimeter) measures resistance in ohms; the circuit must be de-energized before testing resistance.

  4. In conduit fill calculations, why is the number of conductors limited inside a conduit?

    Answer: To prevent heat buildup that reduces conductor ampacity

    Excess conductors packed in conduit trap heat, raising conductor temperature beyond the insulation rating and reducing safe ampacity.

  5. What does 'load balancing' mean when wiring a main electrical panel?

    Answer: Distributing circuits evenly across both bus bars to balance current draw on each leg

    Load balancing distributes 120V circuits across both hot legs (L1 and L2) of the panel so neither leg carries significantly more current than the other.

  6. Which tool is used to safely verify that a circuit is de-energized before beginning electrical work?

    Answer: Non-contact voltage tester (NCVT)

    A non-contact voltage tester detects AC voltage through insulation without touching bare conductors, providing a first-line safety check.

  7. What is the purpose of a dedicated circuit for high-demand appliances like refrigerators or dishwashers?

    Answer: To ensure the appliance has an unshared circuit that won't be tripped by other loads

    Dedicated circuits serve a single appliance, preventing nuisance trips and voltage sags caused by sharing the circuit with other devices.