SELENIUM Cheat Sheet 2026

The 30 highest-yield SELENIUM facts, distilled from real exam questions. Print it, save it as a PDF, or study it here — free, no sign-up.

1. In a data-driven Selenium framework, test inputs are stored in a database table. Which SQL keyword retrieves all columns from that table? → SELECT *
2. In TestNG, which annotation runs a method once before all tests in a class? → @BeforeClass
3. Which approach is most reliable for evaluating the state of a checkbox in a Selenium test? → Use element.isSelected() to determine checked state
4. In QA, what does 'defect density' refer to? → The number of defects per unit of software size (e.g., per KLOC)
5. Which Selenium testing approach is best for validating web application functionality? → Functional testing
6. In Selenium Grid 4, how do you register a node to a hub? → java -jar selenium.jar node --hub http://hub:4444
7. Which data management principle is critical in Selenium Testing Certification? → Ensuring data integrity, security, and accessibility
8. Which locator strategy would you use to match a hyperlink whose text only partially matches the expected string? → By.partialLinkText()
9. Which Selenium capability allows you to configure a browser to trust a self-signed certificate during security testing? → Setting acceptInsecureCerts to true in DesiredCapabilities or browser Options
10. What is the primary function of a Page Object Model (POM) in Selenium? → To create reusable object repositories
11. When integrating Selenium with Docker Compose, what network setting ensures containers can communicate using service names as hostnames? → Defining a shared custom network bridge
12. A Selenium test needs to validate that the login page enforces HTTPS. What is the correct assertion? → Assert driver.getCurrentUrl() starts with 'https://'
13. Which SQL constraint guarantees that a column used as a test record identifier never contains duplicate values? → UNIQUE
14. A Selenium framework stores locators in a Map. Which Map implementation maintains insertion order? → LinkedHashMap
15. Which cloud-native concept best describes packaging Selenium tests along with their browser, dependencies, and config into a portable unit? → Container image
16. When Selenium tests run in parallel across multiple CI nodes, what mechanism prevents test data conflicts in a shared database? → Using separate test databases or schemas per parallel node
17. Which SQL statement would you use in a Selenium @AfterMethod to reset an auto-incremented ID counter in MySQL? → ALTER TABLE table AUTO_INCREMENT = 1
18. What is a fundamental principle of Cloud Computing & Services in Selenium Testing Certification practice? → Following established standards and best practices
19. A cloud Selenium test suite needs to run against a staging site accessible only inside a VPC. Which approach best enables this? → Deploy the Selenium Grid nodes inside the same VPC as the staging site
20. What role does Selenium Grid play in web application testing? → It allows parallel execution of tests
21. A Selenium test suite tracks parent-child test dependencies. Which data structure best represents these relationships? → Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG)
22. Which Selenium WebDriver feature enables you to set a maximum time for asynchronous JavaScript execution during debugging? → driver.manage().timeouts().setScriptTimeout()
23. Which TestNG feature allows grouping tests and running only selected groups from the command line? → groups attribute in @Test
24. Which design pattern is most commonly used to represent web pages as objects with methods in a Selenium framework? → Page Object Model (POM)
25. Which Java library is commonly used alongside Selenium to make REST API calls within test automation frameworks? → RestAssured
26. What Selenium Grid 4 feature allows administrators to observe real-time node status, session counts, and queue depth via a browser interface? → Grid UI at /ui
27. In a multi-region cloud Selenium setup, why would you route test traffic to the cloud region geographically closest to the application server? → To reduce network latency and make tests more representative of real user conditions
28. Which method in Selenium WebDriver is used to execute JavaScript code directly in the browser? → driver.executeScript()
29. In a data-driven Selenium framework, what is the primary advantage of reading test data from an external Excel file? → Test data can be updated without modifying the test code
30. Which CircleCI configuration key runs Selenium tests in a browser-enabled Docker executor? → docker: - image: cimg/node:lts-browsers