SEHS Critical Thinking and Problem Solving 1

Question 1

A student notices that every time it rains, the school's test scores for that day are slightly lower. The student concludes that rain causes lower test performance. What logical error is this?

Accepted Answer

Correlation confused with causation

Answer

Correlation (two things occurring together) does not prove causation (one thing causing the other); there may be confounding factors.

Question 2

If all selective entry schools require high academic achievement, and Westview Academy is a selective entry school, what can be logically concluded?

Accepted Answer

Westview Academy requires high academic achievement

Answer

This is a valid syllogism: if all S are P, and W is S, then W must be P.

Question 3

A test has 40 questions. A student answers 75% correctly. How many questions did the student answer correctly?

Accepted Answer

30

Answer

75% of 40 = 0.75 × 40 = 30 questions answered correctly.

Question 4

Which of the following best represents an inference rather than a stated fact?

Accepted Answer

He must have studied hard to earn such a high score.

Answer

An inference is a conclusion drawn from evidence, not directly stated; the other options are presented as direct facts.

Question 5

In a logic puzzle, Alex is taller than Ben. Ben is taller than Carol. Carol is taller than Dan. Who is the shortest?

Accepted Answer

Dan

Answer

Following the chain: Alex > Ben > Carol > Dan, so Dan is the shortest.

(SEHS) Selective Entry High Schools Practice Test

(SEHS) Selective Entry High Schools Practice Test

SEHS Critical Thinking and Problem Solving 1