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Metallurgy & Weld Quality Inspection Flashcards

7 cards from real SAW practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Metallurgy & Weld Quality Inspection flashcards as text

  1. What microstructural constituent in weld metal is generally associated with the highest toughness?

    Answer: Acicular ferrite

    Acicular ferrite nucleates on inclusion particles inside austenite grains, forming a fine interlocking network that deflects cracks and provides high toughness.

  2. When using the bend test to evaluate SAW weld quality, a root bend test is designed to stress the:

    Answer: Fusion line and root in tension

    In a root bend test, the root side of the weld faces the tension side, revealing any root defects or lack of fusion under maximum tensile stress.

  3. What is the significance of delta ferrite content in austenitic stainless steel SAW weld metal?

    Answer: It helps prevent hot cracking and improves resistance to weld solidification cracking

    Delta ferrite in the range of 3–10 FN accommodates sulfur and phosphorus impurities in grain boundaries, preventing hot cracking during solidification.

  4. A SAW weld on high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steel shows cracking 24–48 hours after welding. This is most characteristic of:

    Answer: Hydrogen-induced cold cracking

    Delayed cold cracking (hydrogen-induced) typically appears hours to days after welding as hydrogen diffuses to areas of high stress concentration.

  5. In weld quality assessment, the term 'slag inclusion' refers to:

    Answer: Non-metallic flux material trapped within the weld metal

    Slag inclusions are non-metallic oxide compounds derived from flux that become trapped in the solidifying weld metal due to inadequate inter-pass cleaning or poor technique.

  6. Hardness testing across a SAW weld cross section is used to:

    Answer: Evaluate microstructural variations and detect excessive hardness in the HAZ

    A hardness traverse across the weld, HAZ, and base metal maps microstructural changes and identifies zones of potential brittleness or hydrogen cracking susceptibility.

  7. Which welding discontinuity is uniquely associated with multi-pass SAW and results from inadequate inter-pass cleaning?

    Answer: Interpass slag inclusion

    Interpass slag inclusions form when solidified slag from a previous pass is not thoroughly removed before depositing the next bead, trapping non-metallic material in the joint.