Saudi Prometric Nursing Pharmacology 5

Question 1

Which mechanism explains why proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are more effective than H2 blockers in treating GERD?

Accepted Answer

PPIs irreversibly block the final step of acid secretion

Answer

PPIs irreversibly inhibit the H+/K+-ATPase pump (the final common pathway), suppressing acid from all stimuli more completely than H2 blockers.

Question 2

A nurse is preparing to give IV potassium chloride. Which action is most important?

Accepted Answer

Dilute and infuse at no more than 10–20 mEq/hour

Answer

Rapid IV potassium administration causes fatal cardiac arrhythmias; it must always be diluted and infused slowly (≤10–20 mEq/hr peripherally).

Question 3

Which drug used in the treatment of opioid use disorder acts as a partial agonist at mu-opioid receptors?

Accepted Answer

Buprenorphine

Answer

Buprenorphine is a partial mu-opioid agonist with a ceiling effect, reducing cravings and withdrawal while limiting overdose risk.

Question 4

A patient on lithium therapy has a serum lithium level of 2.5 mEq/L. The nurse anticipates which clinical finding?

Accepted Answer

Coarse tremor, confusion, and seizures

Answer

A lithium level >2.0 mEq/L indicates severe toxicity, presenting with coarse tremors, confusion, seizures, and cardiovascular collapse.

Question 5

Which antibiotic class is associated with photosensitivity and should be accompanied by sun-avoidance counseling?

Accepted Answer

Tetracyclines

Answer

Tetracyclines (e.g., doxycycline) cause photosensitivity reactions; patients must avoid prolonged sun exposure and use sunscreen.

Saudi Prometric Nursing Practice Test