Saudi Prometric Nursing Pharmacology 3

Question 1

A patient is prescribed warfarin. Which food should the nurse instruct the patient to keep at a consistent intake level?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin K-rich leafy greens

Answer

Vitamin K directly antagonizes warfarin's anticoagulant effect, so consistent (not zero) intake prevents INR fluctuations.

Question 2

Which adverse effect is most associated with long-term use of corticosteroids?

Accepted Answer

Osteoporosis

Answer

Long-term corticosteroid use inhibits bone formation and increases bone resorption, leading to osteoporosis.

Question 3

A nurse administers IV vancomycin too rapidly and the patient develops flushing, erythema, and hypotension. This reaction is called:

Accepted Answer

Red man syndrome

Answer

Red man syndrome is caused by rapid vancomycin infusion triggering histamine release, producing flushing, erythema, and hypotension.

Question 4

Which opioid analgesic is considered safest in patients with renal failure?

Accepted Answer

Fentanyl

Answer

Fentanyl is preferred in renal failure because its metabolites are not renally excreted and do not accumulate.

Question 5

A patient taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) reports eating aged cheese. The nurse should monitor for:

Accepted Answer

Hypertensive crisis

Answer

Tyramine in aged cheese cannot be metabolized when MAO is inhibited, causing a dangerous surge in catecholamines and hypertensive crisis.

Saudi Prometric Nursing Practice Test