SACA Cyber-Physical Systems 2

Question 1

In a cyber-physical system, what is the primary function of the physical layer?

Accepted Answer

To interact with the real world through sensors and actuators

Answer

The physical layer in a CPS consists of sensors that measure real-world parameters and actuators that affect the physical environment, forming the bridge between the digital and physical worlds.

Question 2

Which concept describes the digital replica of a physical asset used for simulation and monitoring in cyber-physical systems?

Accepted Answer

Digital twin

Answer

A digital twin is a virtual representation of a physical asset that mirrors its real-time state, enabling simulation, predictive maintenance, and performance optimization.

Question 3

What communication standard is commonly used in cyber-physical systems to provide deterministic, real-time data exchange between control nodes?

Accepted Answer

OPC UA with TSN

Answer

OPC UA (Unified Architecture) combined with Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) provides deterministic, low-latency communication suitable for real-time control in industrial cyber-physical systems.

Question 4

Which security threat is most specific to cyber-physical systems compared to traditional IT systems?

Accepted Answer

Physical damage via manipulated control signals

Answer

CPS face unique threats where cyberattacks can cause physical harm — manipulated control signals can damage equipment, injure workers, or disrupt critical infrastructure, unlike purely digital IT attacks.

Question 5

In CPS architecture, what does 'closed-loop control' mean?

Accepted Answer

The system uses output feedback to continuously adjust its inputs

Answer

Closed-loop control means the system continuously measures its output, compares it to the desired setpoint, and adjusts its input (actuation) to minimize the error — creating a feedback loop.

SACA - Smart Automation Certification Alliance Practice Test

SACA - Smart Automation Certification Alliance Practice Test

SACA Cyber-Physical Systems 2