SAC Foundational Concepts & Principles 3 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What is the function of a DMZ (Demilitarized Zone) in network architecture?
- To store encrypted backup files
- To isolate public-facing servers from the internal network (Correct answer)
- To host only wireless access points
- To replace the need for a firewall
Correct answer: To isolate public-facing servers from the internal network
A DMZ places public-facing services in a separate network segment, limiting exposure of the internal network if those services are compromised.
Question 2: Which file system feature allows an administrator to revert a volume to a previous state?
- Journaling
- Defragmentation
- Snapshots (Correct answer)
- Compression
Correct answer: Snapshots
File system snapshots capture the state of a volume at a point in time, enabling rollback without a full restore.
Question 3: What does the term 'uptime' measure in system administration?
- The speed of data transfer to storage
- The amount of time a system has been continuously running (Correct answer)
- The number of active user sessions
- The CPU utilization percentage
Correct answer: The amount of time a system has been continuously running
Uptime refers to the duration a system has been operational and available without interruption.
Question 4: Which command-line tool is commonly used on Linux to display real-time system resource usage?
- netstat
- grep
- top (Correct answer)
- chmod
Correct answer: top
The 'top' command displays a dynamic real-time view of CPU, memory, and process activity on Linux systems.
Question 5: What is the purpose of an audit log in system administration?
- To compress archived data
- To record system and user activities for accountability and forensics (Correct answer)
- To schedule automated backups
- To configure network routing tables
Correct answer: To record system and user activities for accountability and forensics
Audit logs capture a chronological record of events, enabling administrators to track changes, detect intrusions, and meet compliance requirements.
Question 6: In DNS, what is the role of an 'A record'?
- Maps a domain name to an IPv4 address (Correct answer)
- Defines the mail server for a domain
- Aliases one domain name to another
- Maps a domain to an IPv6 address
Correct answer: Maps a domain name to an IPv4 address
A DNS A record maps a hostname to its corresponding 32-bit IPv4 address.
Question 7: Which authentication method requires users to present two or more verification factors?
- Single sign-on (SSO)
- Multi-factor authentication (MFA) (Correct answer)
- Kerberos authentication
- LDAP binding
Correct answer: Multi-factor authentication (MFA)
MFA combines something you know, something you have, and/or something you are to verify identity more securely than passwords alone.
SAC Foundational Concepts & Principles 3
What is the function of a DMZ (Demilitarized Zone) in network architecture?