Operating Systems and System Configuration Flashcards

In a Linux system using systemd, which command checks the status of a specific service named 'nginx'?

Answer: systemctl status nginx

On systemd-based systems, `systemctl status nginx` shows whether the service is active, along with recent log output.

Which Windows feature allows you to roll back the OS to a previous state without affecting personal files?

Answer: System Restore

System Restore uses restore points to revert system files, registry, and programs to a previous state while preserving user data.

What does the Linux `umask` value of 022 result in as default permissions for newly created files?

Answer: 644

Files default to 666 before umask; subtracting 022 gives 644 (rw-r--r--), the standard default file permission.

In Windows Server, what role does DHCP play in network configuration?

Answer: Dynamically assigns IP addresses and network settings to clients

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) automatically assigns IP addresses, subnet masks, gateways, and DNS servers to network clients.

Which Linux command would you use to schedule a one-time task to run at a specific future time?

Answer: at

The `at` command schedules a command or script to run once at a specified future time, unlike cron which handles recurring tasks.

What is the main difference between a hard link and a symbolic (soft) link in Linux?

Answer: Hard links share the same inode; symbolic links point to a path

Hard links share the same inode as the original file; symbolic links store a path reference and break if the target is moved or deleted.

Which Windows command displays the current IP configuration including IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway?

Answer: ipconfig /all

`ipconfig /all` displays full IP configuration details for all network adapters, including IP, subnet, gateway, and DNS servers.