Foundational Concepts & Principles Flashcards

What is the function of a DMZ (Demilitarized Zone) in network architecture?

Answer: To isolate public-facing servers from the internal network

A DMZ places public-facing services in a separate network segment, limiting exposure of the internal network if those services are compromised.

Which file system feature allows an administrator to revert a volume to a previous state?

Answer: Snapshots

File system snapshots capture the state of a volume at a point in time, enabling rollback without a full restore.

What does the term 'uptime' measure in system administration?

Answer: The amount of time a system has been continuously running

Uptime refers to the duration a system has been operational and available without interruption.

Which command-line tool is commonly used on Linux to display real-time system resource usage?

Answer: top

The 'top' command displays a dynamic real-time view of CPU, memory, and process activity on Linux systems.

What is the purpose of an audit log in system administration?

Answer: To record system and user activities for accountability and forensics

Audit logs capture a chronological record of events, enabling administrators to track changes, detect intrusions, and meet compliance requirements.

In DNS, what is the role of an 'A record'?

Answer: Maps a domain name to an IPv4 address

A DNS A record maps a hostname to its corresponding 32-bit IPv4 address.

Which authentication method requires users to present two or more verification factors?

Answer: Multi-factor authentication (MFA)

MFA combines something you know, something you have, and/or something you are to verify identity more securely than passwords alone.