S-130 First Aid 3 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: When applying a tourniquet to control severe limb bleeding, how should you record the application?
- Write the letter 'T' and the time on the patient's forehead or exposed skin (Correct answer)
- Record it only in the incident logbook at the end of the shift
- Cover the tourniquet with a bandage to protect it from dirt
- Loosen it every 15 minutes to restore circulation
Correct answer: Write the letter 'T' and the time on the patient's forehead or exposed skin
Mark 'T' and the exact time of tourniquet application on the victim so medical personnel know the duration.
Question 2: A firefighter inhales heavy smoke and begins coughing severely. The priority action is to:
- Administer two liters of water and return them to duty
- Remove them from the smoke environment and monitor for respiratory distress (Correct answer)
- Have them perform deep breathing exercises at the fire's edge
- Keep them active to increase oxygen intake
Correct answer: Remove them from the smoke environment and monitor for respiratory distress
Remove smoke inhalation victims from the environment immediately and monitor closely for signs of deteriorating respiratory function.
Question 3: Which of the following correctly describes the Rule of Nines for estimating burn area in an adult?
- Each arm = 18%, each leg = 9%
- Head = 9%, each arm = 9%, each leg = 18% (Correct answer)
- Trunk front = 36%, trunk back = 9%
- Genitals = 9%, head = 18%
Correct answer: Head = 9%, each arm = 9%, each leg = 18%
In adults, the head equals 9%, each arm equals 9%, and each leg equals 18% of total body surface area.
Question 4: What does the acronym RICE stand for in musculoskeletal injury treatment?
- Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation (Correct answer)
- Recovery, Immobilize, Cool, Evacuate
- Rest, Irrigate, Clean, Examine
- Reduce, Immobilize, Compress, Evaluate
Correct answer: Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation
RICE stands for Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation — the standard first aid protocol for sprains and strains.
Question 5: A crew member has an eye injury from a flying ash ember. You should flush the eye:
- With a cloth soaked in saline solution rubbed across the eye
- With clean water flowing from the inner corner outward for at least 15 minutes (Correct answer)
- Briefly with water for 2 minutes then cover tightly
- Only if vision is completely lost
Correct answer: With clean water flowing from the inner corner outward for at least 15 minutes
Flush the eye with clean water from the inner corner outward continuously for at least 15 minutes to remove foreign material.
Question 6: Which sign is a hallmark indicator that a limb fracture may be present in the field?
- Redness and itching over the injury site
- Deformity, swelling, and point tenderness at the injury site (Correct answer)
- Increased skin warmth with no visible injury
- Numbness in the opposite limb
Correct answer: Deformity, swelling, and point tenderness at the injury site
Deformity, localized swelling, and point tenderness are classic signs strongly suggesting a fracture.
Question 7: During a wildfire operation, a firefighter collapses from suspected cardiac arrest. An AED is available. You should:
- Begin CPR for 5 minutes before attaching the AED
- Attach and use the AED as soon as possible while minimizing CPR interruptions (Correct answer)
- Only use the AED if CPR fails after 10 minutes
- Wait for paramedics before using the AED on a firefighter
Correct answer: Attach and use the AED as soon as possible while minimizing CPR interruptions
Attach and use the AED as soon as it is available; early defibrillation significantly improves survival rates.
S-130 First Aid 3
When applying a tourniquet to control severe limb bleeding, how should you record the application?