Industrial Hygiene Flashcards
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Read the first 7 Industrial Hygiene flashcards as text
In the hierarchy of controls, which measure is most preferred for eliminating industrial hygiene hazards?
Answer: Elimination of the hazard
Elimination completely removes the hazard from the workplace and is the most preferred control, as it makes the hazard non-existent rather than just managed.
Substitution as an industrial hygiene control measure involves:
Answer: Replacing a hazardous material or process with a less hazardous alternative
Substitution replaces a hazardous substance or process with a safer alternative, reducing or eliminating risk while allowing the work process to continue.
The recommended face velocity for a laboratory chemical fume hood is typically:
Answer: 80–100 feet per minute (fpm)
Laboratory fume hoods are generally designed and tested for a face velocity of 80–100 fpm, sufficient to contain vapors without creating turbulence that could allow contaminants to escape.
Under OSHA 29 CFR 1910.95, a baseline audiogram must be established within how many months of an employee's first exposure at or above the noise action level?
Answer: 6 months
OSHA requires a baseline audiogram within 6 months of an employee's first exposure at or above the 85 dBA TWA action level to document pre-exposure hearing status.
In ventilation system design, 'make-up air' refers to:
Answer: Air supplied to replace air exhausted from the space
Make-up air (supply air) replaces the volume of air removed by exhaust systems, maintaining air balance and preventing negative pressure that can compromise ventilation effectiveness.
OSHA defines a Standard Threshold Shift (STS) in audiometric testing as:
Answer: An average 10 dB change at 2000, 3000, and 4000 Hz in either ear
OSHA defines STS as an average shift of 10 dB or more in hearing threshold at 2000, 3000, and 4000 Hz in either ear, compared to the baseline audiogram.
Safety Data Sheet (SDS) Section 8 is titled 'Exposure Controls/Personal Protection' and primarily provides:
Answer: Occupational exposure limits and recommended engineering controls
SDS Section 8 provides occupational exposure limits (OELs such as PELs and TLVs), engineering controls, and PPE recommendations for safe chemical handling.