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Research Methods & Evidence-Based Practice Flashcards

7 cards from real RSA practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning โ€” missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. Which study design is considered the gold standard for evaluating the effectiveness of alcohol server training programs?

    Answer: Randomized controlled trial

    Randomized controlled trials randomly assign participants to intervention and control groups, minimizing bias and providing the strongest causal evidence.

  2. When reviewing research on reducing alcohol-related harm, a 'systematic review' differs from a standard literature review because it:

    Answer: Uses a rigorous, pre-defined search strategy to minimize bias

    Systematic reviews follow a structured, reproducible protocol to identify and synthesize all relevant evidence on a topic.

  3. A server notices that on nights with drink specials, incident reports spike. This observation is best described as:

    Answer: A correlational finding

    Observing that two variables (drink specials and incidents) occur together describes a correlation, not necessarily a causal relationship.

  4. In alcohol policy research, 'effect size' measures:

    Answer: The practical magnitude of an intervention's impact

    Effect size quantifies how large or meaningful the difference is between groups, beyond just statistical significance.

  5. Which data source provides the most reliable ongoing evidence about alcohol-impaired driving rates in the US?

    Answer: NHTSA Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS)

    NHTSA's FARS is a comprehensive, standardized national database of traffic fatalities including alcohol involvement.

  6. If a training program shows 'statistical significance' (p < 0.05) but a very small effect size, servers and managers should understand that:

    Answer: The finding may not be practically meaningful

    Statistical significance only indicates the result is unlikely due to chance, not that the effect is large enough to matter in practice.

  7. Which of the following is an example of a 'confounding variable' in a study on server training and over-service incidents?

    Answer: The type of establishment (bar vs. restaurant)

    Establishment type may independently affect over-service rates, making it harder to isolate the effect of training alone.