RRT Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care Flashcards
6 cards from real RRT practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 RRT Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care flashcards as text
What is the most common cause of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in premature neonates?
Answer: Surfactant deficiency
RDS in premature infants results from insufficient surfactant production by immature type II pneumocytes, causing progressive alveolar collapse.
Which Apgar score component assesses a newborn's respiratory effort?
Answer: Respiration
The Apgar score evaluates respiration (absent=0, slow/irregular=1, strong cry=2) at 1 and 5 minutes to assess transition to extrauterine life.
Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) is caused by:
Answer: Delayed clearance of fetal lung fluid
TTN results from retained fetal lung fluid that was not adequately cleared during labor, causing mild respiratory distress that resolves within 24–72 hours.
What is the primary treatment for meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) with respiratory failure?
Answer: Supportive care with supplemental oxygen, and surfactant or HFOV if severe
Current guidelines recommend supportive care with oxygen, and for severe MAS, surfactant lavage and HFOV may be used to improve oxygenation.
What oxygen saturation target is recommended for preterm neonates to reduce the risk of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)?
Answer: 91–95%
Targeting SpO2 of 91–95% in preterm neonates balances the risk of ROP from hyperoxia against mortality and morbidity from hypoxia.
Which neonatal respiratory condition is characterized by unilateral absent breath sounds and persistent pulmonary hypertension?
Answer: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH)
CDH involves herniation of abdominal organs through a diaphragmatic defect, causing ipsilateral lung hypoplasia and pulmonary hypertension.