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RRT Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care Flashcards

6 cards from real RRT practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. What is the recommended tidal volume for neonatal mechanical ventilation using lung-protective strategy?

    Answer: 4–6 mL/kg IBW

    Neonatal lung-protective ventilation targets tidal volumes of 4–6 mL/kg IBW to minimize volutrauma in the immature, surfactant-deficient lung.

  2. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature infants is most associated with:

    Answer: Prolonged mechanical ventilation and oxygen exposure in preterm lungs

    BPD results from mechanical ventilation-induced barotrauma/volutrauma and oxygen toxicity in the immature lung, causing abnormal alveolar and vascular development.

  3. In pediatric resuscitation, what is the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio for two-rescuer CPR?

    Answer: 15:2

    Two-rescuer pediatric CPR uses a 15:2 ratio to provide more frequent ventilations, as pediatric arrests are more often respiratory in origin.

  4. Which inhaled medication is first-line for acute bronchiolitis in a hospitalized infant?

    Answer: Supportive care with nasal suctioning and hydration (no bronchodilators)

    Current AAP guidelines recommend only supportive care for bronchiolitis; bronchodilators, corticosteroids, and antibiotics are not routinely recommended.

  5. What is the correct ETT size formula for uncuffed tubes in pediatric patients older than 1 year?

    Answer: Age/4 + 4

    The formula (Age/4) + 4 estimates uncuffed ETT size in children over 1 year, though cuffed tubes are increasingly preferred in modern practice.

  6. Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is best treated with which intervention?

    Answer: Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) and optimized ventilation

    iNO selectively dilates pulmonary vasculature, reducing right-to-left shunting in PPHN, and is used alongside optimized ventilation and oxygenation.