RPSGT RPSGT Sleep Disorders & Pathophysiology 4

Question 1

Which polysomnographic finding is most characteristic of REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD)?

Accepted Answer

REM sleep without atonia (RSWA)

Answer

RBD is defined by the loss of normal REM muscle atonia, resulting in REM sleep without atonia on chin EMG.

Question 2

In a patient with suspected upper airway resistance syndrome (UARS), which finding differentiates it from simple snoring?

Accepted Answer

Esophageal pressure swings with EEG arousals but no apneas

Answer

UARS is characterized by increased respiratory effort detected via esophageal manometry causing arousals without discrete apneas or significant desaturations.

Question 3

A patient with Cheyne-Stokes respiration most commonly has which underlying condition?

Accepted Answer

Congestive heart failure

Answer

Cheyne-Stokes respiration is most commonly associated with congestive heart failure due to prolonged circulation time causing oscillating ventilatory drive.

Question 4

Which sleep disorder is associated with the HLA-DQB1*06:02 allele in over 90% of cases?

Accepted Answer

Narcolepsy type 1

Answer

Narcolepsy type 1 (with cataplexy) shows a strong HLA-DQB1*06:02 association, reflecting its autoimmune destruction of hypocretin neurons.

Question 5

During a PSG, a patient's airflow signal shows a crescendo-decrescendo pattern lasting 60 seconds cycling every 90 seconds. What is the most likely scoring?

Accepted Answer

Central sleep apnea with Cheyne-Stokes breathing pattern

Answer

The waxing-and-waning crescendo-decrescendo breathing with a cycle length typically 45–90 seconds is the hallmark of Cheyne-Stokes breathing.

RPSGT Exam Practice Test

RPSGT Exam Practice Test

RPSGT RPSGT Sleep Disorders & Pathophysiology 4