Roof Sailing Roof Repair and Replacement 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What is the correct nail pattern for standard 3-tab asphalt shingles per manufacturer specifications?
- 2 nails per shingle, 1 inch from each end
- 4 nails per shingle, 1 inch from each end and centered between cutouts (Correct answer)
- 6 nails per shingle evenly spaced
- 2 nails per shingle centered
Correct answer: 4 nails per shingle, 1 inch from each end and centered between cutouts
Standard 3-tab shingles require 4 nails positioned 1 inch from each end and one nail centered in each of the two tab spaces above the cutouts.
Question 2: When replacing a small section of damaged shingles, what must be done to the surrounding shingles before installing new ones?
- Prime them with roofing cement
- Lift the tabs of the overlapping shingles above and remove nails to slide new shingles in place (Correct answer)
- Completely remove 10 feet in each direction
- Sand them to improve adhesion
Correct answer: Lift the tabs of the overlapping shingles above and remove nails to slide new shingles in place
The tabs of overlapping shingles above the damaged area must be carefully lifted and their nails removed so new shingles can be slid underneath and re-nailed.
Question 3: What indicates that a flat roof's EPDM membrane needs immediate repair or replacement?
- Minor surface chalking
- Open seams, splits, or blisters larger than 6 inches that cannot be re-sealed (Correct answer)
- Slight discoloration
- Moss growth on the surface
Correct answer: Open seams, splits, or blisters larger than 6 inches that cannot be re-sealed
Open seams, splits, or large blisters that breach the membrane allow water infiltration and require immediate repair or section replacement.
Question 4: What is the recommended minimum temperature for applying roofing cement or cold-process adhesive?
- 20°F (-7°C)
- 40°F (4°C) (Correct answer)
- 55°F (13°C)
- 70°F (21°C)
Correct answer: 40°F (4°C)
Most roofing cements and cold-process adhesives require a minimum ambient temperature of 40°F (4°C) to properly bond and cure.
Question 5: Which roofing defect appears as raised circular bubbles on an asphalt shingle surface and is caused by moisture or volatile gases trapped during manufacturing?
- Alligatoring
- Cupping
- Blistering (Correct answer)
- Delamination
Correct answer: Blistering
Blistering occurs when moisture or volatile gases trapped in the asphalt expand under heat and push up bubbles on the shingle surface.
Question 6: What is the 'starter course' in shingle installation and why is it required?
- The first course of ridge cap shingles applied at the peak
- The first row of shingles at the eave installed to seal the bottom edge and cover gaps in the first field course (Correct answer)
- A reinforcing layer under all field shingles
- A felt underlayment strip applied at the eave
Correct answer: The first row of shingles at the eave installed to seal the bottom edge and cover gaps in the first field course
The starter course is a full or pre-cut shingle row installed at the eave with its tabs reversed (or removed) to seal the first field course joints and prevent water intrusion at the eave.
Roof Sailing Roof Repair and Replacement 2
What is the correct nail pattern for standard 3-tab asphalt shingles per manufacturer specifications?